Mary Shelley & the novel Essay

More quotes to indulge the commentators thoughts of negative views for the behemoth are said by the doctor. I turned untie into world a depraved wretch, whose delight was in carnage and misery . Here Frankenstein says that the monster enjoys evil and gains pleasure from it. This gives a very negative air of the creature to the reader as they will think every act which is bad the monster loves it. From all the negative comments which were said by Frankenstein, seems to change the readers thoughts at the start of chapter 11.From the beginning of this chapter it clearly shows that the monster is not one to be judged at first sight. He says, I saw, felt, heard, and smelt, at the equivalent time and it was, indeed, a long time before I learned to distinguish between the operations of my various senses. This speech which the monster says expresses a distinct light to the novel. He explains how the sense of sight, touch, hearing and smell were a new thing to him and how long it took f or him to differentiate between the various senses he possesses.All these qualities fit(p) for another being as well as the monster. A child will also have these qualities when he/she enters the world for the first time. So this quote shows how Mary Shelley compares the monster to a new natural(p) baby. She has done this because its another way to convey that the comments which were made by Frankenstein are just opinions not facts. She also gives the monster a chance to speak for him and tell his side of the story. Another way Mary Shelley presents the monster as a new born baby is when the monster describes his development.I now found that I could wander on at liberty, with no obstacles which I could not either surmount or avoid. Now the monster describes how freely he can roam around places and how he is able to make his way through solid obstacles covering his improvement of eyesight. Mary Shelley presents the monster like this because she still compares the monster to a ne w born baby. Like the monster a new born baby would gradually learn how to walk and learn how he/she can see obstacles in their way.Further ways the author compared the monster to a new born baby is when the monster describes him having the same qualities as the baby. He quotes, I felt tormented by hunger and thirst and was overcome by sleep. These 2 quotes are qualities of a baby. A baby would feel hungry and thirsty most of the time and would feel sleepy during the day and night. These actions the monster also felt. in any case in another quotation, the monster describes himself as an infant instead of a baby.This quotation is, In my joy I thrust my hand into the live embers, but quickly drew it out again with a cry of pain. Here the monster had just found a fire which was left keister and in the cold he decided to make himself warm but seating by it. Overcome by joyful sensations he drove his pass into the flames making the fire extinguish. This shows hes like an infant beca use when an infant would make a mistake, the infant would cry and weep. Similarly like an infant the monster made a mistake and cried in a painful manner.

Mcgee Cake Company

Running Header CASE STUDY 1 The McGee Cake Company A Case Study Submitter Instructor BUS of course 2012 CASE STUDY 2 Introduction The McGee Cake Company, owned by Doc and Lyn McGee, has been a touch on proprietorship ball club since its inception in 2005 (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 18).A sole proprietorship is the least regulated create of organization and has allowed the McGees to run their phoner largely as they see fit and to reap all the financial internet. However, the companys juvenile growth has added additive financial burdens which piddle caused the McGees to revisit the companys actual form of organization (Ross, Westerfield, & Jordan, 2013, p. 5). To that end, the owners have approached me to help manage and direct the company since its fast growth has lead to cash flow and capacity problems (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 8). What follows is information on the advantages and disadvantages of ever-changing the companys organization from a sole proprietorship to an limited obligation company as well as the advantages and disadvantages of changing the companys current form of contrast organization to a corporation (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 18). In addition, the McGees have asked me for my recommendation as to which form of business organization I believe the company should chthonic grapple and the reasons/rationale behind my recommendation.CASE STUDY 3 Key Issue The one key issue that has led the McGees to consider moving the company from a sole proprietorship to a limited liability company or that of a corporation is the companys recent rapid growth. This growth has presented both opportunities and challenges for the company as a whole.Specifically, sales have exploded since The McGee Cake Company was recently featured in a leading specialty food magazine (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 18). while this growth has allowed the McGees to use the companys revenues as their sole source of income, it has increased their need for capital as they have had to hire additional workers to meet the demand (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 18). Also, additional capital will be needed to purchase more than assets in an effort to keep up with the companys continuing growth (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 8). Under the current business form these two increased expenditurespayroll and assetsare the sole financial responsibility of the McGees which may cause some financial stress since their available justness is limited to the amount of their personal wealthiness (Ross, Westerfield, & Jordan, 2013, p. 5). This growth has also presented the McGees with the opportunity to enter into business with a national supermarket chain that has proposed to put four of the McGees cakes in all of the chains stores (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 18).In addition, the McGees have been approached by a national restaurant chain in regards to selling McGee cakes in its restaurants (Ross, Westerf ield & Jordan, 2013, p. 18). Again, under sole proprietorship the company may misplace out on these opportunities because of insufficient capital to expand the business assets (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 5). For example, if the McGees do not have the capital to purchase more ovens they may not be able to keep up with the increased demand from the supermarket/restaurant chains, potentially causing both business ventures to fail.In order for the company to capitalize on its current growth the McGees need to be informed of the advantages and disadvantages of other forms of business organizations to determine which will best suit their needs for both the short- and long-term. CASE STUDY 4 Advantages and Disadvantages of changing from a Sole Proprietorship to a Limited Liability Company The goal of a limited liability company is to operate and be assessed like a partnership but retain limited liability for owners (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. ). Thus the main advanta ge gained by shifting from a sole proprietorship to a more formal organization whether it be a limited liability company or a corporation is liability protection (Cromwell, n. d. , n. p. ). Under sole proprietorship the McGees have unlimited liability for their business debts (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 5). This means that if their business owes creditors and the McGees are unable to pay with business assets the creditors commode demand payment via the McGees personal assets (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. ). In contrast, under a limited liability company the McGees personal assets would be protected from business liability (Cromwell, n. d. , n. p. ). Additionally, the McGees must rely on their own personal wealth in an effort to raise equity whereas a limited liability company affords the business to bring a number of investors and partners on board in an effort to raise capital (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 5 Cromwell, n. d. , n. p. ).Hence, the limited li ability company will provide them with the capital they require to increase their business assets in order to keep up with the high demand for their products. In terms of taxes the McGees currently report their personal and business taxes as one. Under a limited liability company they will no longer be able to claim their business income on their personal registers separate tax returns would have to be filed for both their personal income and their business income (Cromwell, n. d. , n. p. ).Moreover, the McGees would have to file documentation with the state prior to their company being able to claim limited liability status. The taxes and state filing issues, in my professional opinion, should not be viewed as detractors. The benefits the company will reap (e. g. , ability to raise capital) certainly outweigh the annual taxation supplying and filing with the state to establish the limited liability company. CASE STUDY 5 Advantages and Disadvantages of Changing from a Sole Proprie torship to a CorporationSome of the advantages of forming a corporation are, in contrast to sole proprietorship, owner-ship of a corporation can be readily transferred (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, pp. 5-6). Also, like a limited liability company, a corporation has limited liability for the companys debts and stockholders can only lose what they have invested (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 6). In addition, unlike sole proprietorship, a corporation an unlimited business life (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. ). For these reasons, a corporation is a superior form of business organization for raising capital (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 6). Along with the advantages of forming a corporation comes the main disadvantage taxation. Corporations must deal with double taxation meaning that profits are taxed at both the corporate level when earned and again at the personal level when they are paid out (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 6).While a corporation provid es many advantages the tax disadvantage that comes with it currently outweighs those advantages. CASE STUDY 6RecommendationWith The McGee Cake Companys rapid growth it is in need of changing its form of business organization. In particular, the McGees need enhance protection for their personal assets from business obligations and liabilities as well as a better vehicle to attract investors (Cromwell, n. . , n. d. ). Therefore, after carefully weighing the advantages and disadvantages of changing from a sole proprietorship to a limited liability company or that of a corporation my recommendation is for the former. Becoming a limited liability company will benefit them greatly since it provides limited liability in that their personal assets will be separate from their business assets, thus protecting their personal assets from creditors want payment if such a situation should ever arise.Becoming a limited liability company will also allow the McGees to raise equity by means of par tners and investors. Since the McGees are in need of additional capital to purchase new business assets in an effort for them to keep up with the current demand for their products a limited liability company would allow them this advantage. Since this rapid growth may continue the McGees may want to revisit becoming a corporation. However, my recommendation is for them to take the next logical and less daunting step and become a limited liability company for the reasons stated above.CASE STUDY 7 References Cromwell, J. (n. d. ). Demand Media The Advantages and Disadvantages of Changing the Company Organization from a Sole Proprietorship. Retrieved from http//smallbusiness. chron. com/advantages-disadvantages-changing-company-organization-sole-proprietorship-24632. html Ross, S. , Westerfield, R. , & Jordan, B. (2013). Fundamentals of Corporate Finance (10th ed. ). McGraw-Hill/Irwin New York, NY

Humanitarian Intervention Essay

The coupled Nations is an international plaque that fights for world intermission, and strives to control international law, international security, economic development, social progress, and human rights. In the get together Nations preamble, it states the organization is determined to barely win generations from the scourge of war and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom. However, the U.N. digest often be ineffective and it has been an ongoing debate between the worlds leaders whether or not intervention is justified when inhuman acts are committed in foreign lands. Too some(prenominal) human beings have been victims of violence, rape and/or other crimes on the U.N.s watch all because the organization is not authorized to forcefully step in in another country. The coupled Nations Security Council is responsible for preserving peace between nations and even within nations, and when a nation is committing atrocious acts against its cit izens, the U.N. and other nations should have the right to intervene militarily to end those abuses.Just as if a teenager would take on the responsibilities of providing a basis and food for themselves when they move out, a country assumes the responsibility of taking care of its citizens when it becomes independent. When a country proves to the immaterial world it is not cap competent of controlling its citizens and maintaining a collected nation, blue helmeted U.N. troops whitethorn invade these unstable regions. It would be inhumane for the U.N., any country, or any human to witness a population suffering and not try to interfere in some federal agency. To look the other way would be immoral and an inhumane act of itself. When trying to obtain peace in foreign countries, peaceful negotiations are not always successful and other means are necessary. In the past, the U.N. has not been able to aid suffering populations militarily and has failed to cherish the citizens from sinf ul crimes. In a survey taken by the U.N. in 2007, which covered a total of 14 countries, plus the Palestinian Territories, it found that solid majorities in each of 12 national pools believe that the U.N.Security Council should have the right to authorize the use of war machine force to protect devoid throng from genocide and other massive abuses, even against the will of their own government (Lobe). Even with the support of the majority of world, the U.N. still does not have the authority to forcefully protect innocent people from cruelty. When tens of thousands of people were being killed in Darfur, and Rwanda, it was the U.N.s responsibility to step in and barely the lives of those living in a country at an unfortunate time. However, by following their rules of procedure, the U.N. troops were not allowed to use force unless fired upon. Since 2003, tens of thousands of people have being killed and over one million people displaced in Darfur and in 1994, Hutus killed an estima ted 800,000 Tutsis in Rwanda (Spectators to Genocide). As a result of the massacre in Rwanda, there are much than one million orphans (Rust).But when the blue helmeted troops entered the Rwandan chaos, there was not much they could do to stop the genocides that were taking place right before their eyes. It took the United Nations three years after the United States declared the events taking place in Darfur as genocide to interfere, and even still the U.N. has done zipper beneficial to help those suffering in Darfur. Unable to seize weapons, the blue helmets stand by powerless. Had the United Nations involved itself earlier in Rwanda and Darfur and at full force, millions of peoples lives could have been saved or bettered. If the U.N. involved itself militarily, it is possible that the U.N. may have a few casualties, plainly the United States Army has at sea a good number of soldiers over the years while fighting for causes they believe in. Sometimes sacrifices emergency to be made, and if a few members of the U.N. were lost in exploit to protect the lives of thousands of people and potentially save a population, it would be an admirable sacrifice.It should be the worlds responsibility to defend civilians when its government is blameable of neglecting to protect their populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity (Reeves). Had the United Nations acted quicker when the Hutus began killing the Tutsis, and put an end to the vicious attacks that took place during those days, future genocides could have possibly been prevented. Instead, the word genocide can be heard more frequently and little is being done to stop that. Thousands of lives could have been saved or altered had the United Nations been able to step in and militarily defend the helpless populations of Rwanda and Darfur. Justification of humanitarian intervention is inwrought in order to protect the lives and rights of those suffering from genocide.The U.N . should want a reputation of not allowing genocides to take place, but instead the organization is being criticized for the lack of effort and aid being lent to those countries in need. over the years, too many lives have been lost or damaged due to genocide and other inhumane acts. Humanitarian intervention needs to be allowed when a country is not protecting its citizens, in effort to save the lives of populations. The United Nations ineffectiveness in the past should be enough of a reason for why humanitarian intervention should be justified. It is imperative that the United Nations be entitled to militarily involve itself when innocent lives are in danger.Works CitedCharter of the United Nations Preamble. Welcome to the United Nations Its Your World. Web. 03 Nov. 2010. .Jim Lobe. U.N. POLL SHOWS all-encompassing SUPPORT FOR U.N. ACTION AGAINST GENOCIDE. Global Information earnings 6 April 2007 Research Library, ProQuest. Web. 3 Nov. 2010. Reeves, E. Failure to shelter Inte rnational Response to Darfur Genocide. Harvard International Review 29.4 (2008) 84-85. Research Library, ProQuest. Web. 3 Nov. 2010. Rust, Selina. RWANDA REMEMBERING THE UNFORGETTABLE. Global Information Network 9 April 2010 Research Library, ProQuest. Web. 9 Nov. 2010. Spectators to Genocide. Wall Street Journal 2 Aug. 2007, Eastern edition bailiwick Newspaper Abstracts (3), ProQuest. Web. 3 Nov. 2010.

Educational Technology

Exam Name___YVETTE TORRALBA-MOSES___________ TRUE/FALSE. economise T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false. 1) Technological literacy so-and-so non serve as the primary rationale for integrating educational technology. 1) _T______ 2) One thing we feel learned from the business relationship of technologies in education is that teachers r bely have judgment of conviction to snap off their own instructional media for teaching. 2) __T_____ 3) Research over the past 40 years has shown conclusively that technology-based methods are usually superior to traditional ones. 3) _F______MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 4) Educators who come from a vocational background and belong to the ITEA professional organization use this term to insinuate to uses of technology for teaching and learning. 4) B______ A) instructional technology B) technology education C) educational technology D) instructional syste ms 5) In which of the pastime eras did Integrated Learning Systems (ILSs) become popular? 5) _D______ A) Internet Era B) Post-Internet Era C) Pre-microcomputer Era D) personal computer Era 6)What is one thing we have learned from the history of technology in education near the role teachers will play in the future? 6) __B_____ A) To be effective, schools must keep up with fresh technology-based methods. B) Despite technological innovations, homo teachers will always be very important. C) Due to technological innovations, human teachers gradually will be phased out. D) The most successful teachers are ones who integrate technology into their methods. 7) What does AUP stand for? 7) __D_____ A) classic Use Procedures B) Authorized Uniform Procedures C) Authorized Uniform Policies D)Authorized Use Policies 8) Why do teachers exigency to develop their own rationale for use technology in education? 8) __A_____ A) Integrating technology is time-consuming and relatively expensive to use. B) Parents are often opposed to their children using technology in classrooms. C) Teachers often have to persuade administrators to support technology uses. D) Newer technologies continue to require different rationales than older ones. 9) Which of the following is one of the rangy issues shaping the current and future climate of educational technology? 9) ___B____ A) Macintosh vs. Windows platform usage in schoolsB) directed vs. constructivist learning strategies C) cooperative vs. individualized learning strategies D) web-based vs. broadcast distance learning delivery brusk ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 10) Though many an(prenominal) educators tend to think of technology as devices, Saettler reminds us that the historical function of educational technology was a/an ________ rather than a reaping. 10) __tool and process______ 11) This term evolved from computer literacy and has come to mean technical skills tha t help prepare students for the workplace. 1) _____________ 12) What human body of software, first introduced in 1994, marked the beginning of more widespread Internet use? 12) Computer help learning________ 13) Attacks on computer systems by hackers and viruses make it necessary for schools to install firewalls and this kind of software. 13) _firewall software______ 14) What term is apply to detect the disparity between the use of computers by girls and boys which some people feel leads to girls entering science and math fields less often than boys? 14) _____________ 15)ISTE has worked with groups such as NCATE to identify this set of technology skills that should be required of all American teachers. 15) _NETS______ TRUE/FALSE. Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false. 16) Using physical exercise and radiation pattern to promote automaticity is a directed strategy. 16) _F____ 17) Having small groups work cooperatively to develop a hypermedia product is identified more with constructivist models than with directed instructional ones. 17) ___T___ 18) One of the essential conditions for effective technology integration is fair to middling technical assistance for teachers. 8) __T____ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 19) Which of the following technology-based strategies talent Skinner have considered an effective way to shape learned behavior? 19) ___C___ A) forming responses through multimedia rewards for good behavior B) using visual examples to bridge adult/expert and child/novice levels C) drill and practice that gives reinforcement for correct answers D) using Internet illustrations to stimulate recall of prerequisite skills 20)Which of the following might be a kind of technology strategy based on constructivist learning models? 20) _C_____ A) Identifying skill weaknesses and targeting tutorial and drill software to them B) Giving students a German langua ge tutorial because a teacher is not easy C) Showing video-based problems that students solve through small group work D) Letting students write document by word processing, rather than by hand 21) What two kinds of instruments can teachers design or take up during Phase 3 of the TIP Model to assess changes in attitudes during a technology-enhanced lesson? 1) __A___ A) Rubrics and semantic differentials B) Likert scales and semantic differentials C) Rubrics and mirror image checklists D) Likert scales and rubrics 22) In writing outcomes and objectives for technology-enhanced lessons, which of the following should teachers always consider? 22) __A___ A) skills and attitudes to be learned B) teaching approaches to be used C) learning processes to be used D) technology skills to be learned 23) Which of the following should be asked during Phase 6 to determine if the technology-enhanced lesson worked as planned? 23)B_____ A) Have the technology resources been integrated well? B) Cou ld a different technology produce a better result? C) Do teachers agree that the technology was necessary? D) Were all available technology resources used? 24) What is one of the most important guidelines for teachers and others to follow when writing proposals to obtain technology financing? 24) _D____ A) bewilder descriptions of relevant background for all personnel. B) Make sure to address the primary goals of the funding agency. C) Give detailed explanation to justify funds for technology resources. D)Make sure sufficient research history and background is included. SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 25) Howard Gardner would probably approve of assigning different roles in small group multimedia development projects because they can help address this concept that is central to his theory. 25) _Theory of Multiple Intelligences__ 26) What would Vygotsky call a process of helping students develop new math skills by u sing video-based problems to build on their own knowledge and experience? 26) _social process in learning_______ 27)What do teachers see when they determine that a technology-based strategy is better than the traditional one they were using? 27) _____________ 28) This model gives teachers a general approach to address challenges involved in integrating technology into teaching. 28) _Technology desegregation Planning Model_______ 29) This software prevents access to specific web site addresses or to web sites that contain definite keywords or phrases. 29) _Firewall Software_ 30) What is the name for the policy that schools should have students sign to help make sure they are conscious(predicate) of appropriate behaviors on the Internet? 30) _Authorized Use Policies______

High school student drop out Essay

The increasingly spirited rate of coach cast out is worrying exclusively the s sellholders in the education sector including p atomic number 18nts, teachers and the government activity. This is beca phthisis these quite a little ar sure of the challenges that will award students who drop out of naturalize. Although leaders make believe called on communities, families and directs to make efforts to ensure that students await at shallow, the rate at which the students drop out of school is still high. It is thitherfore important that we essay the problem with a view of understanding it better, so that we whitethorn know how to resolve it once and for all. becharm moreresearch paper about tardinessThe number of students who complete school in the US has been steady declining over the years. In position, over the last decades, this figure has only change magnitude in seven states. In ten states, the percentage of students who did not complete school was 8% or higher, w hich reflects a disturbing trend. US is currently ranked tenth among the countries in the world which hit the highest school completion rates. When a verdant that is considered to be the superpower is ranked tenth on school completion rates, this shows that there is a major underlying problem.Factors that contribute to the high school student drop out rate. Family cohesion and background. This is bingle of the major reasons why students drop out of school. Students who come from families where there is violence, abusive homes or lamentable produceal dealing have higher chances of displace out of school, comp ard to those who come from stable homes. This is collectible to the fact that such children are more standardisedly to have stress and depression because of the problems that they have. They are also likely to start abusing drugs at an early age, which whitethorn contribute to their move out of school.Statistics also show that children who come from single raise families are also more likely to drop out of school than those who have both parents. This emplacement is linked to low self-importance esteem as well as problems that children who come from single parent families face. Early pregnancy. Early pregnancy is a major challenge for early girls, and is a contributor to their falling out of school. This situation is compounded by situations where the young girls families are not financially stable, or cases where the male child responsible for the pregnancy is either unwilling or unable to support the girl.Many young girls who face this situation usually take breaks to give birth, but fail to return to school collect to mixed reasons. The girls who are not financially well off are forced to drop out of school to take care of their children, while others fear going back to school due to stigmatization. School violence. This is a factor that is increasingly contributing to the dropping out of school by students. School violence has incr eased in the recent past, and takes various forms.It capacity take the form of serious security breaches that involve use of deadly weapons, like was witnessed in the 1999 Columbine high school massacre (Rosenberg 2008). It whitethorn also take the form of bullying and harassment of students by fellow classmates. Both these forms of violence have the potential to raise fear to actual victims, and may discourage them from attending school. In these cases, there is genuine fear for their lives and they may drop out of school. Employment. Poverty or general un practice session of members of the family may make students drop out of school.This is because the students may be forced to recreate in order to support their family. In these cases, the students may not have decent time to study due to the responsibilities that they have. Employment opportunities may not only be operational to the students who are not well off financially. Some students come from financially stable famili es but serve for employment opportunities so that they might save money. These students are also likely to drop out of school since it is difficult to work and study at the same time. Psychological or personal characteristics.There are certain characteristics that students may possess, which may make them drop out of school at an early age. These may be either physical or psychological characteristics. Psychological characteristics may take low self esteem, mental illnesses, depression and stress, among other problems. In case students have these problems and they are either not address early enough, or these students lack learning facilities that accommodate their unique needinesss, they are highly likely to drop out of school. tally to Kenneth (35-39), students may also face physical disabilities that hinder the learning process.Such include blindness, deafness or other physical disabilities. If such students also lack facilities that can handle their ask, they are also likel y to drop out of school. Substance demoralise. According to David and Wayne (4-8), students who engage in substance abuse have real high chances of dropping out of school. Students who abuse alcohol or other potent drugs such as cannabis, heroin, cocaine or other drugs are likely to drop out of school. This is due to the disciplinary problems that they are likely to face in school as well as the fact that such drugs hinder the learning capabilities.Such students are unlikely to perform well in school, and this has the encumbrance of demotivating them. They are also more likely to face stress and depression, and all these factors work to increase their chances of dropping out of school. Perceived loss of value of school diplomas. The modern business environment has become very competitive, and this is attributed to globalization. Success in the modern world is increasingly based on merit and job performance. Employers are nowadays looking for very high academic qualification when recruiting employees.In this regards, high school diplomas are generally perceived to have lost value, and students need to play along win education so that they might get employment opportunities in this competitive business environment. Some students therefore opt to drop out of school and pursue other interests due to this perception. Such interests include drama, movies, modeling or the music industry. However, what al most(prenominal) students are not aware of is that one has to have basic education in order to be successful in these fields. High school education acts as a chopine for pursuing further education and building a career. Limited number of counselors.Statistics point to the fact that the average number of students who are served by a single counselor is 500. In high school, the average number of students served by a single counselor is 285. These counsellors have many tasks to accomplish and have very little time to interact with students. According to Jill (311 -317), students who are about to drop out of school may therefore not find oneself someone to talk to and get advice regarding the situation. This is also compounded by the fact that most of these students have poor relations with their parents, since teenagers and parents usually have communication problems.Students therefore opt to drop out of school due to lack of advice on the consequences of making this decision. Solutions to these problems. Counseling. Most students may reverse their decision to drop out of school if they are advised on the consequences of making this decision by someone that they trust. In most of these cases, counselors are the best people to advice the students since there are young counsellors who understand the problems that these students go through. The government should ensure that there are enough counselors to serve all students.Sometimes students may be depressed and they only need someone to share their problems with. When they are unable to find someone, they take drastic steps like dropping out of schools. Counselors will advise students that education is very important for success in life. Safety. The government and all education stakeholders should also ensure that the school environment is ripe for all people. There should be adequate controls that prevent and deal with security breaches, either involving deadly weapons or bullying. Some problems like bullying may appear to be petty and they are ignored in most academic institutions.However they are serious problems that should not be ignored, since they have high psychological impacts on the victims. When students can feel safe in the school environment, they will look forward to going to school to learn. After all, these students spend most of their time in schools, and once they feel that they are unsafe, they are likely to drop out of school. Family problems. According to Gail (211-216), it is evident that family problems is a major factor that contributes to dropp ing out of school. It is a very sensitive set off considering that there is a limitation to which strangers may involve themselves in family matters.It is however exigent that problems such as violence and abuse are reported to the authorities, and these will be turn to through the relevant laws. These problems cannot be condoned, since once students are not comfortable in their own homes, it will be difficult for them to condense in class and learn. Other family issues such as parental and child conflict should be addressed through dialog, either between the school administration and the individual families, or through counseling by qualified professionals. This dialog will enable the underlying problems to be identified and solved, so that the children may sojourn in school.Early pregnancy. This problem is best solved by preventing the issue, rather than addressing it after it has occurred. The young people should be told about the consequences of early sex, especially unsafe sex. These students should be made to understand that in auxiliary to the risk of pregnancy, there is also a risk of contracting STIs such as HIV/AIDS. However, one a girl becomes pregnant, she should be allowed to stay in school until the time to give birth, after which she is given up a break. She should resume school after giving birth, as this is very important.Counselors and parents should play a life-and-death role in guiding girls who are undergoing this experience. The government should also set up funds to serving girls who are pregnant and do not have the resources to take care of the baby, and go back to school. Facilities for the handicapped. The government has a pivotal role of ensuring that there are learning facilities that will take care of the needs of students who face either physical or mental disabilities. There should also be enough teachers who have been trained on how to take care of the needs of these students.This will ensure that these students learn just like their peers, and that they have equal opportunities in life. Value of diplomas. The stakeholders in the educational sector have a crucial role to play in publicizing the value of the high school diplomas. There should be fixture talks between these stakeholders and the students regarding the issue. Students should be made to understand that although the modern world has become very competitive, it is imperative that they obtain at least the high school diploma.The reason is that the diploma acts as a platform in acquiring further employment opportunities and joining a profession. Employment. The government should enforce the laws that bar the employment of young people who are below the legal age. It should also hold regular forums with employers regarding employment of young people with a view of regulating the hours that they work. The employers should also be made to insist that young employees pursue education, since this will be the platform for promotions and advanc ement in the careers.This will enable that the young people who work have enough time to study. Conclusion and recommendation. The stakeholders in the education sector should join hands in ensuring the the drop out rate drastically reduces, and that each child knows the value of education. The solutions to the problems that have been discussed above should be implemented, so that this objective may be achieved. Above all, students should be made to understand that the high school diploma is a platform for opportunities in life.

Seperating Metal Cations Using Paper Chromatography

Lab 3 Separating Metal Cations by Paper Chromatography Introduction/ usage In chemistry, it is important to effectively analyze the components in a given mixture. In order to do so, chemists will analyze a mixture either softly or quantitatively exploitation antithetical regularitys and equipment. Qualitative analyses are subjective, and only hit non-numerical entropy such as the color, appearance, and smell of the components. This info is mean to obtain physical information on the components present.While quantitative analyses are objective, and physical exercise numerical data to gather the quantity of the components present. duodecimal data can be given in terms of height, area, volume, weight, speed, time, temperature, etc. all(prenominal) method of data analyses provides chemists with specific types of information that can be used to draw conclusions about the experiments they flummox performed. This lab utilized both quantitative and qualitative data by using the Pa per Chromatography method for determining the coat cations present in an enigmatical sample.This was performed by using reagents that reacted with the coat cations deposited on the paper. The keeping factor of each known cation was calculated in order to determine which admixture cations were present in two unidentified samples. Objective Effectively use Paper Chromatography to analyze quantitative and qualitative data of various metal cations, in an effort to correctly identify two unknown samples of metal cations, by comparing them against a chromatogram with known component reactions.This lab also aids in better apprehensiveness the importance of create a chemists observation and data recording methods, as few of the reactions are faint, or may degrade over a short period. Material & Equipment 1) Personal protecting(prenominal) Equipment (PPE) 2) 600 ml beaker 3) Plastic wrap 4) Rubber band 5) (3) Paper imbues 6) (2) 11 x 14 cm elements of chromatographic paper 7) Pe ncil 8) Metric ruler 9) Capillary tube 10) Paper towels 11) 10 ml of 6M HCL 12) 35 ml of Acetone ((CH3)2CO) 13) Metal cations- Iron(III), Cobalt(II), Nickel(II), and Copper(II) 14) Two unknown sample cations 5) Reagents Potassium ferrocyanide, Potassium thiocynate in acetone, Dimethyl glyoxime in ethanol 16) 50 ml beaker with 25 ml of ammonium hydroxide 17) Fume jacket crown Procedure/Methods 1) *See the attached pre-lab outline for the procedure/order of operations used in finish this lab experiment* 2) *The procedure was altered at step 9 with direction from the lab teacher. Chromatogram 2 was not spotted with the four known metal cations. * Three pieces of filter paper were used to consecrate spotting with the four known metal cations.The filter paper was folded into four separate sections and a low-spirited sample of the known metal cation was spotted onto a marked point. This process was repeated for each piece of filter paper. Filter sample 1 was spotted using potassium fe rrocyanide filter sample 2 was spotted using potassium thiocynate in acetone and filter sample 3 was spotted using dimethyl glyoxime in ethanol. Using three separate samples allowed the group to analyze the qualitative results (color change) of the interactions with each of the four metal cations.This provided preliminary data that was used to hypothesize which compound would be best to spot the known metal cations on chromatogram 1. After reviewing both the interaction results, and the retention taxs (RF), we then determined which reagent provided the most placeable interaction with each of the metal cations. equality 1. pic entropy *See attached Data Sheets* Results The lab instructor reported the results of the correct unknown metal cations as follows 1) dark 1 = Copper ) Unknown 2 = Iron and Nickel As shown on Data Sheet 2, our lab group concluded that the unknown metal cations were as follows 1) Unknown 1 = Cobalt 2) Unknown 2 = Iron Qualitative Data (Chromatogram 1) The f irst observations made of chromatogram 1 were those of the physical changes in the color of the metal cations after they were exposed to the developing solvent. The colors observed for the metal cations were as shown by the corresponding barroom graph in see to it 1 below.Copper = Light Brown, Nickel = Pink, Iron = Blue, and Cobalt = Green Quantitative Data (Chromatogram 1) After the qualitative observations were analyzed and recorded, the spotted sections of each metal cation were marked with a pencil at the highest migration distance of the substance. This cadence was then used in calculating the Rf value of each metal cation, using Equation 1 above, and represented in Figure 1 below. Copper = . 7, Nickel = . 1, Iron = 1, and Cobalt = . 5 Figure 1. pic Qualitative Data (Chromatogram 2)The first observations made of chromatogram 2 were those of the physical changes in the color of the metal cations after they were exposed to the developing solvent. The colors observed for the me tal cations were as shown by the corresponding bar graph in Figure 2 below. Unknown 1 = Green, and Unknown 2 = Blue Quantitative Data (Chromatogram 1) After the qualitative observations were analyzed and recorded, the spotted sections of each metal cation were marked with a pencil at the highest migration distance of the unknown substance.This measurement was then used in calculating the Rf value of the unknown metal cations, using Equation 1 above, and represented in Figure 2 below. Unknown 1 = . 41 and Unknown 2 = . 91 Figure 2. pic Conclusion The qualitative and quantitative data of the known metal cations from chromatogram 1 were used to determine the metal cations that composed Unknown sample 1 and 2, in chromatogram 2. Unknown 1 was developed using KSCN/acetone, and Unknown 2 was developed using K4Fe(CN)6. However, it is unknown why we chose to use that reagent as opposed to the other two available.It is also clear that a excursus from the procedure caused us to erroneously s treak our chromatogram unknowns with only one reagent. Failing to spot and streak chromatogram 2 with all reagents prohibited our ability to analyze the sample after vulnerability to all reactions. As shown from the results of the filter paper samples, we were able to see qualitative changes on Fe, Cu, and Co with the use of potassium ferrocyanide, Fe, Cu, and Co with the use of potassium thiocynate in acetone, and Fe, Co, and Ni with the use of dimethyl glyoxime in ethanol.Although the colors in each reaction were different with each of the reagents used on the filter paper samples, the use of each reagent would have provided us with a number of visual changes to identify. Those observations would have been marked, and prompted more calculations of the Rf values associated with each reaction, allowing for a more entire evaluation and determination of the unknown metal cations present.Although we were able to accurately detect the presence of Fe in unknown sample 2, it is evident that if the chromatogram had been exposed to the dimethyl glyoxime in ethanol, we would have detected the Ni as well. The exposure of the filter sample containing the Ni, to dimethyl glyoxime in ethanol, yielded the only visual reaction, out of all three reagents tested. This labs results further solidify the need to conduct the procedure as thoroughly as possible, and if there are tactile sensationings of inadequacy, we perform the procedures that we feel will enable us to procure the most accurate results.

Comparison of A Doll’s House and A Streetcar Named Desire Essay

Prompt 14 Important qualitys in conveys argon multi-dimensional. Discuss to what extent this statement is true of important characters in plays you have studied and comment on the techniques of characterization employed by the dramatist.Multidimensional characters can also be defined as high-powered or constantly changing and developing characters. These moral force characters are not simply important to a play, but are arguably the some important characters because what the dramatist intends to communicate to his or her audience is communicated finished and through the changing emotions and behaviors of these characters.Additionally, playwrights use a variety of techniques to highlight the changes an important character may go through. The converse, staging and stage directions, setting, music, lighting, and even window-dresss can all be used to highlight a multifaceted characters turned on(p) and physical changes. In A ladys House, by Henrik Ibsen, and A cable tramway N amed Desire, by Tennessee Williams, the playwrights primarily use costumes, which parallel the emotional and behavioral changes of important slashing characters, and contrast in talks to amplify developments and changes in the characters relationships and behavior.Ibsens choice of costume design portrays Nora as a dynamic character in A Dolls House. Ibsen changes Noras costume to parallel her behavioral and emotional changes in the play. The Neapolitan fisher-girl costume, for example, ranges Noras secrets and their restraint on her autonomy (Ibsen 29). Therefore, Noras want to tear the masque costume into a hundred thousand pieces represents her will to be rid of her lies and to take off of the mask she puts on for Helmer (Ibsen 28). The costume facilitates this need end-to-end the second act of play. When Nora practices the Tarantella dance, she dances wildly and her hair comes down and fall over her shoulders (Ibsen 47).Wild and take over hair has connotations of independen ce and liberation. Therefore, the costume begins to show the audience her will to free herself from the mask she puts on for Helmer. However, she remains in the dress at this point in the play centre that she is still restricted by the disguise she wears for Helmers satisfaction. Again, the dress highlights Noras development when it is removed in Act III before Nora gathers the courage to tell Helmer she must leave him to gain her independence. Noras masquerade costume dinner dress costume conveys how Noras lies and mask of happiness restrain her freedom and helps to illustrate her eventual secede from them. Therefore, the costume design amplifies the characteristics that make Nora a dynamic character.Williams also uses his costume designs to characterize his dynamic characters in A Streetcar Named Desire. However, rather than connecting a specific costume with a feeling, he associates a global type of costume with specific emotions and actions. For example, the lavish costuming of Blanche represents the extent of her desire for, and delusion of, an extravagant life. As the play opens and Blanche enters, her appearance is described as incongruous to the setting (Williams 15). She is introduced being dressed as if she believes she should be somewhere and some cardinal else. Furthermore, her beauty from the white suit with a fluffy bodice, necklace and earrings of pearl is described as indulgent and sensitive to light (Williams 15).This description of Blanche suggests that her rich and royal appearance is purely superficial and does not represent the reality of her life. This connection amid costume design and Blanches fabricated reality is continued throughout the play. Before beginning to flirt with the young paper boy in Scene Five, Blanche takes a large, see-through scarf from the trunk and drapes it about her shoulders, and then begins to pretend he is a young Prince and later makes Mitch deform to her (Williams 84).The playwright, Tennessee William s, connects Blanches affluent adornment with her delusions of wealth and importance that develop and grow stronger as the play progresses. In the terminal scene, Blanches illusions blend almost entirely with her reality as she asks Stella to gather a number of dilate accessories, including a cool yellow silk boucle and a silver and turquoise pin in the shape of a seahorse, and dresses herself in a dress and jacket of a color that Madonna once wore (Williams 132/135). Williams uses this costume to amplify the absurdity of Blanches illusion of spending her life on the sea with a millionaire. Therefore, Blanches costume choices in A Streetcar Named Desire connect to her developing insanity, which makes her a complex and dynamic character.In A Dolls House, Ibsen also utilizes tension in communication, specifically the tension amidst Noras inward and outbound building of feelings surrounding worth, to portray Nora as a dynamic character. The playwright first creates a contradiction in terms between her internal and external feelings, only to eventually change her unvarnished expression to match her true feelings. In the first two acts of the play, Noras outward expression of a womans worth revolves around being a good married woman and mother by aiming to please Helmer, her married man. However, her inward feelings portray the opposite. Nora inwardly believes that worth involves being true to herself. Nora is outwardly submissive to her economize by allowing herself to be called by possessive pet names, much(prenominal) as his little spendthrift, his squirrel, or his extravagant little person (Ibsen 2-3).Furthermore, even Nora uses these labels for herself during the first two acts. These names put Nora in a submissive position because they define Nora as a possession of Helmers. Therefore, when Nora labels herself a skylark or squirrel, she outwardly submits to the will of her husband, proving her external idea of worth revolves around his happiness. How ever, whenever Nora yields to Helmer, there are undertones of sarcasm within the dialogue portrayed both by the stage directions and the writing. When Nora first calls herself Helmers skylark and squirrel, she does so while dexterous quietly and happily, as if she aims to manipulate him with her words (Ibsen 4). This example of irony mixed with manipulation illustrates the contradiction between what Nora outwardly expresses and what she internally believes.Noras sarcasm is also present directly in her dialogue with Helmer. In the conclusion of the first act, Nora asks Helmer to take her in hand and decide how she should attend the masquerade ball (Ibsen 25). The sarcasm she speaks these lines with is evident when she utilizes hyperboles to appeal to Helmers ego, such as telling him no one has such good taste and that she cant get along a bit without his help (Ibsen 25). Therefore, Noras exaggerated submission to Helmer suggests a dichotomy between her internal ideas of worth and he r actions. Yet, as the play develops, Noras actions begin to match her interpretation of value. She begins to overtly become a subject of her life, rather than the subject of her husbands.In the final pages of Act III, Nora discards the view she externally portrayed in the first acts of A Dolls House by explicitly rejecting Helmers assertion that before all else, she is a wife and a mother (Ibsen 66). She explains to Helmer that she believes that before all else she is a reasonable human being who must commemorate over things for herself and get to understand them (Ibsen 66). This rejection of blind obedience and assertion of autonomy supports the claim that Noras outward expression developed over the course of the final act to match her opinion of worthiness. Because Noras expression of merit changed over the course of the play, she is considered a dynamic, or multifaceted character. Therefore, Ibsens use of dialogue in A Dolls House is instrumental in portraying Nora as an import ant and three-d character.Tennessee Williams also uses tension in dialogue within his play, A Streetcar Named Desire, to portray his significant characters as multidimensional. However, rather than creating tension by using contradiction to develop a single characters dialogue, Williams creates tension by contrasting the dialogue of Stanley and Blanche. This distinction between the two characters, and the way they communicate in the play, causes behavioral changes suggesting that dialogue is responsible for dynamic transformations in the characters actions. Blanches wrangle is educated and full of literary illusions. She uses a reference to the gothic poet Edgar Allen Poe to describe her sisters life and situation by barter her neighborhood the ghoul-haunted woodland of Weir (Williams 20).This complexity present in Blanches dialogue portrays her as a standard of the old, aristocratic South. In contrast with Blanches more sophisticated way of speaking, Stanley uses simple societa l ground metaphors and commonplace clichs in his dialogue. Rather than using a literary based metaphor for Blanche, Stanley uses one based on politics. Stanley describes her fame in Laurel as if she were the President of the United States, only she is not reckon by any party (Williams 99).Additionally, the clichs Stanley uses in his speech, such as no, siree, bob, boy, oh, boy, or the jig was all up portrays Stanley as the down-to-earth representation of the New South (Williams 100-101). The contrast between the dialogue of the two characters and the connection it has with the social group they identify with highlights their dynamic characteristics by emphasizing Blanches attempt and ultimate failure to integrate herself into the less aristocratic and educated New Orleans. Therefore, the playwrights effort to contrast the dialogues of Blanche and Stanley facilitates Blanches representation as a multifaceted and changing character in A Streetcar Named Desire.Analyzing how a playwri ght portrays his or her dynamic characters gives insight into what the playwright intends to say through their development. For example, Henrik Ibsen uses a single costume to connect the audience with Noras progression into an autonomous woman in order to focus the audiences attention on a single facet of Noras life and desires, while Williams uses many costumes with varying degrees of lavishness, to highlight the degree to which Blanche blends reality with fantasy.Furthermore, Ibsen uses tension in dialogue of a single character to keep the audiences focus on Nora, while Williams contrasts the speech of two characters to highlight the contrast between two different social worlds, the new and old South. Therefore, the most important characters in a play are always multidimensional characters because most of a playwrights commentary is included in the development of these characters and analyzing the techniques a playwright employs to distinguish a dynamic character helps to convey m eaning.BibliographyIbsen, Henrik. A Dolls House. Print.Williams, Tennessee. A Streetcar Named Desire. New York Signet, 1975. Print.