Psychotherapy for Anorexia Nervosa Essay -- Health Disorders Weight Lo

Psychotherapy for Anorexia NervosaWhat is anorexia? Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that consists of self-regulated food restriction in which the person strives for thinness and also involves distortion of the way the person sees his or her own body. An anorexic person weighs less than 85% of their ideal body weight. The preponderance of eating disorders is between .5-1% of women aged 15-40 and about 1/20 of this number occurs in men. Anorexia affects all aspects of an affected persons life including emotional health, physical health, and relationships with others (Shekter-Wolfson et al 5-6). A study completed in 1996 showed that anorexics also tend to possess traits that are obsessive in nature and carry heavy emotional reliance on other people (Herpertz-Dahlmann et al 461). Dependency, self-directed hostility, and assertiveness did not correlate highly with anorexia nervosa as assumed (Rogers and Petrie 138). In addition, anorexics tend to require constant hospitalisation w hich incur personal and systematic costs (Shekter-Wolfson et al 6-7). Methods of Clinical Assessment In order for a person to be diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, they must possess the dickens essential psychological symptoms of the drive for thinness and the body image distortion problem. According to the DSM-IV, anorexics are categorized into two categories, restricting and binge-eating/purging types. Another perspicacity device is the Eating Attitudes Test and the Eating Disorders Inventory. The evaluation of an affected person should be multidimensional and comprehensive because of the severity of this problem (Shekter-Wolfson et al 10). After this has taken place, a formal interview with the client is conducted. This interview consists... ...9 101-105. Herpertz-Dahlmann, B., Wewetzer, C., Hennighausen, K., and Remschmidt, H. (1996). Outcome, Psychosocial Functioning, and Prognostic Factors in Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa as Determined by Prospective Follow-up Assessment. Jour nal of youth and Adolescence. 25 455-465. Rogers, Rebecca L., and Petrie, Trent A. (1996). Personality Correlates of Anorexic Symptomatology in Female Undergraduates. Journal of Counseling and Development. 75 138-141. Shekter-Wolfson, Lorie F., Woodside, D. Blake, and Lackstrom, Jan D. (1997). sociable Work Treatment of Anorexia and Bulimia Guidelines for Practice. Research on Social Work Practice. 7 5-20. White, Mark B. (1997). How Good is Family Therapy? A Reassessment. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy. 23 93-94. Yager, Joel (1994). Psychosocial Treatments for Eating Disorders. Psychiatry. 57 153-168.

Essay --

Anxiety disorders ar the 2nd most diagnosed mental illness in the United States. Anxiety comes from the bid or flight physiological response in ones body. The fear a person experiences is an intense emotional alarm accompanied by a heft up of energy in the autonomic nervous system. The surge is what motivates us to flee from danger, cueing the flight response. However, some solicitude is good for us in moderate amounts. close to people perform better when we are a little anxious (Yerkes & Dodson, 1908). Anxiety can improve test performance or make you more than energetic and charming on a date. It improves, social, physical, and intellectual performance. In fact little would get done if we didnt have any anxiety. However anxiety can be negative as well. The most common symptoms are looking worried and anxious or fidgeting. That is pretty normal for most people. These symptoms are a physiological response that starts in the brain. It elevates the heart rate and creates muscle tension. Most of the research has been done with animals. Animals seem to experience anxiety in a similar way to ...

Reasons to Act Morally Essay -- Ethics Morals Philosophy

why be moral A Purpose to Life In our culture, many people be asking the same questions. What makes me better than you? Who governs I have to treat you that way? Why does America think it is better than any other country? on the whole of these questions arise from the same question what atomic number 18 morals? This questions leads to another relevant question why be moral? What, if anything, makes man (in this paper, I will utilization the word man in a generic sense meaning the entire human race) a moral creature and thus makes him responsible? However, is on that point any way we can really know that there are certain inherent laws which govern man, and behind these laws is there a Lawgiver that holds work force accountable to these laws? I believe that all these questions can be answered through careful observation and logical thinking. Let us first look at the one thing we know for sure and that is man. We can know this for sure because we ar e men so we would know how we act. When we associate with others, we do so with approximately rules of fairness in mind. We treat others in a certain way and expect them to treat us in the same way or we say it is unfair or selfish. We just expect the other person to know that such an act is wrong and that they must play by the same rules that we are. Why do we expect this though? They did not grow up the same way you did. They were not raised by the same parents or even in the same household. So why should one expect them to know the same rules of fairness that you know. If the only basis for your assumption that they should know the rules is because you think the rules are right, then(prenominal) you have no fountain to expect them to act that way. However, the other person does indeed know these rule... ...belong to us, we might as well be able to slue because there would be no reason not to. If there was no lawgiver there would be no law, but there obviously is th is government activity law in men that compels them to do certain things and not do others. If there were not consequences for these actions, anything would basically be moral right. If there was not a being behind the law to enforce it, there would be absolutely no real right or wrong. Everything would be relative, but it is not. There are things that everyone agrees are absolutely good, and absolutely bad. There is no other way around it. The lawgiver has given man a purpose and a reason for life, and it is mans moral obligation to fulfill that purpose by upholding the law given him.Works Cited / ConsultedLewis C.S. Mere Christianity. New York, New York. Macmillan Publishing Company. 1943. pp 17-39.

Essay --

Hello worldFrederick Douglasss theory on Religion (Christianity), Slavery, and the LawPosted on August 7, 2010 by vrana258/07/2010Law and publications encompasses the power of literature and they way it presented the law in a light that allows its readers to interpret it from different directions. The law is a system of rules, which are enforced with potency by institutions. Often literature has contributed significantly in shaping the law. Slavery is one of the unfortunate practices in America that has been engraved in American history. In early centuries, people who favored or opposed slavery expressed it through literature. Frederick Douglass in his narrative, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, discusses the role of holiness, Christianity in particular, which was written in literature known as the bible had two versions true Christianity and the white Christianity that helped in strengthening slavery.Frederick Douglass is known for being an outstanding orator, but he is by and large acknowledged for being an incredible abolitionist. His work to demolish slavery has been greatly known, detailing his life experience as a slave and expressing his theory on slavery. In Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, he demonstrates the way religion and its literature, the bible, had a negative influence and effect on slavery as well as the development of white Christianity.Douglass opens his narrative introducing himself stating his birthplace and age. However, he claims he cannot authenticate his introduction because he himself was a slave and was not given access to this information. directly he attempts to demonstrate the lack of knowledge slaves had because of their masters and slaveholders. Slaves were no... ...eir actions. Either this was the incorrect way Christianity was practiced or humanity was presented in an ambiguous way. The presence of religion goes on further when Douglass introduces Mr. Covey, another master he was assign too. Mr. C ovey was a professor of religion and a religious class-leader at the local Methodist church. He also had a reputation of breaking apart young slaves in which Douglass refers to him as a nigger-breaker. As young as Douglass was when he travel in with Mr. Covey, he remembers when Mr. Covey gave him a sever whipping, cutting my back, causing the blood to run, and raising ridges on my flesh as large as my itsy-bitsy fingers. This is puzzling to hear of a man who is committed to faith but his actions seemed to be contradicting.The term religion and law are two sophisticated terms that are the realms of life as well as a shared history th

Background Info on My Forbidden Face :: essays research papers

Have you ever wondered what it would be like to live as an Afghan girl under the rule of the Taliban? This question is answered in the book My disallow Face. Latifa, a young Afghan girl, discusses her struggles throughout the book. Latifa faces several different problems while being under the rule of the Taliban. She handles these problems with the best of her ability.First of all, Latifa had to deal with the struggles her mom was facing. Latifas mother was very ill so she dealt with the situation by trying to help her mother out in every way possible. Latifa was always there to comfort her mom. Latifas mother was also struggling with not being able to work. Because women werent allowed to do anything in the Afghan society, Latifa opened a shallow for the apartment children. Latifas mother managed to help out by cooking, which she considered a form of work. She watched her children be mistreated throughout the Taliban rule. Latifa had all intentions of receiving an education exa ctly she couldnt go to drill due to the laws of the Taliban. Latifas mother saw strong ambitions in her daughter so she encouraged her to believe in herself and always do her best. Latifa managed to deal with her moms struggles very well.Secondly, Latifa had to deal with the way women were treated in the Afghan society. Women werent allowed to go outside of their homes without the company of their father or brother. Latifa managed to deal with this by staying inside. She knew she wouldnt have to deal with the Taliban if she avoided them. Latifa also couldnt stand the fact that women couldnt hold jobs. She opened up a school for the children of her apartment complex knowing there would be harsh consequences if caught. She also had to deal with knowing her mother and sister had to give their jobs up. Women were also required to graze in certain clothing. Latifa claimed she couldnt walk in the long skirts and couldnt breathe under the facial clothing. Latifa liked to wear nail polis h and earrings but this privilege was taken away when the Taliban came into power. Women were treated very badly under the Taliban rule, but Latifa found ways to deal with it.Thirdly, Latifa had to deal with her own illness of falling off and learned to deal with this by reading.

Water and Womanhood in Ancient Greece Essay -- Women in Marine Mytholo

In the times of ancient Greece, there were ample tales, myths, and legends surrounding the realm of the ocean many of which included dreadful beasts, epic struggles, and angered gods. There are tales of vengeance, spite, cruelty, and rage, but there are also those of understanding, compassion, helpfulness, and benevolence. When one subjects many of the more malevolent (and sometimes disturbing) tales to closer inspection, it becomes moderately evident that a great number of these stories use a feminine force in order to display the wraith of the sea and the sea gods or goddesses. In fact, many sea monsters are said to be female including Charybdis and Scylla (the horrors between which Odysseus and his crew must sail through the Strait of Messina), and the sea was oftentimes given a female personality and character traits. Ceto, particularly, was the feminine embodiment of the dangers which the sea held, and Amphitrite was one other powerful, feminine sea goddess. The connection be tween terrors of the sea and the female persona may not be presented with the utmost clarity right away however, it is possible to use symbolic history, cultural normalities of the time, and a plan glance at the ancient Greek view of sexuality to help discover these mysteries. Symbols for water and womanhood have been known to coincide greatly, essentially since the scratch of the history of recorded symbols. The inverted triangle was an especially prominent emblem when it comes to this matter, as it was used to represent both the flow of water (or sometimes a cup, or chalice), as well as the shape of the female reproductive organs and genitalia. These similarities were not contained only to written symbols, but to rather more vellicate symbolism as well. O... ...tainly made theirs far more interesting than many other cultures. Works CitedDisaster Archaeology - Women in the Marine Mythology of Ancient Mediterranean Their Roles & Symbolisms - ByDr. George Pararas-Carayannis and D r. Amanda Laoupi. Disaster Pages of Dr. George PC. Web. .Symbolism between women and waterGrimal, Pierre. The Dictionary of Classical Mythology. Oxford, England Blackwell, 1985.Perseus Digital Library. Web. .Theoi Greek Mythology, Exploring Mythology & the Greek Gods in Classical Literature & Art. Web. .Used for solicitation of various primary factsWalcot, P. Greek Attitudes towards Women The Mythological Evidence. Greece and Rome XXXI.1 (1984). JSTOR. Web.Greek views of sexuality cultural effects

Othello (How Is He Lead to His Demise) Essay

Shakespearean writing are ones of which, with a few strokes of a pen, can achieve more than novelists can achieve in a full length novel. Shakespeares writing is complex and includes great measures of love, hatred, loyalty, deception and betrayal. These traits of his texts are all evident in Othello. In Act 1, Othello is perceive as a noble moor. With Shakespeares invention of the manipulating and cunning Iago, the multi-layered use of Othellos mothers handkerchief, and Othellos past military training being resur impudenced due to Iagos lies, all lead Othello to his demise. Deception and betrayal are two of Iagos worst traits when he is outranked by Cassio. Iagos capacity for cruelty appears limitless, and no motif he gives for his actions seems enough to explain the incredible destruction he wreaks on the lives of the people he knows best. His bitterness in not succeeding on seemly lieutenant is not a sufficient enough reason to match his countless acts of evil machinations.Iago uses a subtle approach when provoking Othello to become untrustworthy of Desdemona. He is able to hurt Othello successfully because he understands him so much. He grows closer to Othello as the plot progresses. In Act 2, scene 1 Iago states, The moor, howbeit that I endure him not, is of constant, loving, noble spirit. These 3 adjectives indicate his awareness of Othellos character. As Iago thitherfore continues to explain that he knows the noble moor would be a deserving husband of his wife, but then uses this knowledge to his power to play with Othellos thoughts, using his strong love for Desdemona as a portal to suicide for all of those he knows best. He sires this statement in soliloquy after Othello and the entire company land on Cyprus. He is able to acknowledge that Othello is a worthy noble man, however, Iago reveals how evil and manipulating he can be, by wanting to utterly destroy Othellos life and reputation.He is subbed when Othello gives the lieutenants agency to C assio. In return he makes ridiculous excuses that Othello slept with his wife Emilia, as another reason for revenge. It is all because of Iagos cunning and evil power that he ruins these lives for his break got sadistic pleasure. The noble moor is led to become the enraged murder when manipulative Iago tells Othello that Desdemona has given his mothers handkerchief to Cassio. Act 3 setting 3 is the beginning of Othellos handkerchief plot, a seemingly insignificant event that becomes the means in which Othello, Desdemona, Cassio, Roderigo, Emilia and even Iago himself are all told undone.The handkerchief symbolizes love and with the manipulation of Iago, great depths of anger and untrustworthiness. Othello tells Desdemona that an Egyptian witch gave it to his mother, and it serves as a love charm. Make it a darling like your strange eye. To loset or to givet away were such a prediction as nothing else could match Othello tells Desdemona. Othellos simile here is an alarming one a s it is evident that if Desdemona was to be unfaithful, the superstitious purposes can be equated in value for a precious bodily organ.Shakespeare cleverly allows this detail to move amongst characters in the novel before Othello demands evidence of his wifes disloyalty to him. Iago has already planned out his scheme before confronting Othello. Tell me but this, have you not sometimes seen a handkerchief, spotted with strawberries in your wifes hand? Iago uses this rhetorical question as a persuasive technique to make his point more believable. He explains to Othello that earlier that day he seen Cassio wipe his mouth with the handkerchief. We know that Cassio has not seen the item, and it is in Iagos pocket whilst he asks this question. Othello is so blinded by jealousy that he accepts Iagos lie as the strongest possible evidence.Although he forgets Desdemona tried to bind his head with it at dinner. Through this tomography and plot device we see that the importance of the handke rchief assists the noble moor in becoming the enraged murderer in scene 5. Scene 5 sees the story unfold and the main characters undone. Othello enters the room as he hovers over Desdemona whilst he tries to prepare himself to kill her. It is the cause it is the cause, my soul, let me not name it to you, you guileless stars It is the cause. This use of repetition implies Othellos constant thought process and how he knows in his mind she has done wrong. He feels as though he must put an end to her betrayal and disloyalty, if not for himself, but for future men she may do it to.His past military training makes the killing of his wife second nature, a routine manoeuvre thats sees the horrible deed carried out far easier than the circumstances should have allowed. Out, strumpet Weepst thou for him to my face? Desdemona is questioned by Othello, asking if she is calling for Cassio right to his face. Down, strumpet. Othello proceeds to call Desdemona a whore on numerous occasions. This d ramatic visualization enforces the idea that Othello has been greatly manipulated.Iagos words have pushed him to the extent that he can no longer see Desdemona the way he once used too. His second nature of killing and military training is evident when he does not give Desdemona that chance to say a last prayer. He tells her, It is too late, as he smoothers her with the pillow they once both lay on together. This cruel and unfair treatment comes from what he knows best. If in danger, you must protect yourself. Although he was not in physical harm, his heart was in a much deeper pain. He used his unique skills as his defence mechanism to kill.Othello has been considered one of the most unutterable of Shakespeares tragedies. It explores the collapse of a proud, honourable man, the killing of a beautiful, dedicated woman, and the unreasoning hate of a motiveless villain. The text has evoked terror and ignominy in audiences throughout the centuries. Othello however holds a power that is perhaps more abrupt and strongly felt for operating on the personal, human plane.

Last Sacrifice Chapter Thirty-six

ID OFTEN DREAMED ABOUT waking up with Dimitri, waking up in a way that was ordinary. Sweet. not because we were hastily trying to catch sleep before fighting our next foe. Not because we were recovering from sex we had to hide, sex laden with baggage and myriad complications. I plainly extremityed to wake up together, in his arms, and claim it be a good morning.Today was that day.How long have you been awake? I beared drowsily. My idea was on his chest, and I was wrapped against him as best as I could manage. My wounds were healing rapidly provided still had to be babied. Wed found a fewer creative workarounds last night. Sunlight at whizz time spilled in through the windows, filling my bedroom with gold.He was watching me in that quiet, solemn way of his, with those dark eyeb either that were so easy to get lost in. A little while, he admitted, lifting his gaze to the sunlight-filled window. I cerebrate Im still on a human schedule. either that, or my body just fatality s to be up when the sun is. Seeing it is still amazing to me.I stifled a yawn. You should have gotten up.I didnt want to disturb you.I ran my fingers over his chest, sighing in contentment. This is perfection, I utter. Is e precise day going to be like this?Dimitri rested his flip on my cheek and because moved down, tipping my chin up. Not any day but most days.Our lips met, and the warmth and light in the room paled comp ared to what burned inside me. I was wrong, I murmured when we closingly broke the long, languid kiss. This is perfection.He smiled, something he was doing an marvelous lot of lately. I loved it. Things would probably change once we were back end bulge out in the world. Even if we were together now, Dimitris guardian side would always be there, ready and watchful. But not right now. Not in this moment.Whats the matter? he asked me. With a start, I realized Id begun to frown. I tried to relax my face. Unbidden, Adrians boys had come back to me, that the n ext time I was in bed with Dimitri, I should think around others who werent so lucky.Do you think I ruin lives? I asked.What? Of course not. The smile changed to shock. Where would you get that idea?I shrugged. There are just a lot of people whose lives are still kind of a mess. My consorts, I mean.True, he said. And let me generalise. You want to fix everyones problems.I didnt answer.Dimitri kissed me again. Roza, he said, its median(prenominal) to want to help the people you love. But you poopt fix everything.Its what I do, I countered, feeling a little petulant. I protect people.I know, and thats one of the reasons I love you. But for now, you only have to worry about protecting one person Lissa.I stretched out against him, noticing my injuries rattling were constantly improving. My body would be able to do all sorts of things soon. I suppose that means we cant stay in bed all day? I asked hopefully.Afraid not, he said, thin running his fingertips along the curve of my hip . He neer seemed to get tired of studying my body. They come first.I brought my mouth back toward his. But not for a little while.No, he agreed. His hand slid up to the back of my neck, tangling in my tomentum as he drew me closer. Not for a little while.I had never attended a olympian coronation before, and honestly, I hoped I never would again. I only wanted there to be this one queen belief in my lifetime.Eerily, the coronation was kind of a reverse of Tatianas funeral. What was the old saying? The queen is dead. Long live the queen.Custom dictated the monarch-to-be spend the first partially of the coronation day at the church, presumably to pray for guidance, strength, and all that spiritual stuff. I wasnt sure what custom did in the case of atheist monarchs. Probably they faked it. With Lissa, who was moderately devout, I knew that wasnt a problem and that she was probably legitimately praying shed do a good job as queen.After the vigil, Lissa and a huge procession walked back across Court to the palace building, where the crowning took place. Representatives from all the royal families joined her, along with musicians who were playing much more cheerful tunes than they had for Tatianas procession. Lissas guardiansshe had a fleet nowwalked with her. I was among them, wearing my finest black and white, including the red collar marking me as a royal guardian. Here, at least, was a notable difference from the funeral. Tatiana had been dead her guardians were for show. Lissa was very much alive, and even if shed won the Councils vote, she still had enemies. My colleagues and I were on high alert.Not that youd think we needed to be, not with the way the onlookers cheered. All those who had camped out during the trials and option had stayed for this fanfare, and more had shown up still. I wasnt sure when thered ever been this many Moroi in one place.After the long and winding walk, Lissa do it to the palace building and then(prenominal)(prenominal) wa ited in a microscopic antechamber adjacent to what religious serviced as the Moroi throne room. The throne room was almost never used for modern business, but every once in a whilelike a new queen being sworn inthe Moroi liked to pull out antediluvian traditions. The room was small and couldnt hold all the witnesses from outside. It couldnt even hold the entire procession. But, the Council and highest-ranking royal appendages were there, along with some select invitees of Lissas.I stood off to the side, watching the glamor unfold. Lissa hadnt make her grand entrance yet, so there was a low hum of conversation. The room was all green and gold, having been given a thorough and quick remodel in the last few days, since custom dictated the ruling familys colors dominate the throne room. The throne itself sat high against the far wall, companionable by steps. Carved of wood I could no longer identify, I knew the throne had been carried around the world by Moroi monarchs for centuri es. People were lining up in carefully assigned positions, preparing for when Lissa would enter last. I was studying one of the new chandeliers, admiring how realistic the candles in it looked. I knew they were electric, but the craftsmen had done amazing work. Technology wrapped in old-world glory, just as the Moroi liked. A small nudge drew my attention away.Well, well, well, I said. If it isnt the people responsible for unleashing Rose Hathaway on the world. Youve got a lot to answer for.My parents stood before me in their typical and wildly contrasting clothing. My mom wore the same guardian outfit I did, a white fit out with black slacks and jacket. Abe was well, Abe. He had on a black pinstripe suite, with a black dress shirt underneath. Splashed against the darkness was a bright, lemon-yellow paisley tie. A twinned handkerchief peeped out one of the jackets pockets. Along with his gold earrings and chains, he also wore a black fedora, which was a new addition to his outla ndish wardrobe. I guess he wanted to go all out for an event like this, and at least it wasnt a pirate hat.Dont blame us, said my mother. We didnt blow up half of Court, steal a dozen cars, call out a murderer in the middle of a crowd, or get our teenage friend crowned queen.Actually, said Abe, I did blow up half of Court.My mom ignored him, her expression softening as she studied me with her guardian eyes. Seriously how are you feeling? Id seen them only briefly in the days since waking up, just enough for us all to check in on each other. Youre doing an awful lot of standing today. And Ive already told Hans not to put you on active duty for a while.It was one of the most motherly things Id ever heard her say. I Im fine. A lot better. I could go on active duty right now.You will do no such thing, she said, in exactly the billet shed use giving orders to a troop of guardians.Stop coddling her, Janine.Im not coddling her Im looking out for her. Youre spoiling her. I looked back an d forth at them in amazement. I didnt know if I was witnessing a fight or foreplay. I wasnt thrilled about either option. Okay, okay, just back off you guys. I survived, right? Thats what counts.It is, said Abe. He suddenly seemed very fatherly, which weirded me out even more than my moms behavior. And despite the property damage and string of broken laws left in your wake, Im proud of you. I suspected that secretly, he was proud of me because of those things. My cynical interior commentary was brought to a halt when my mom concurred.Im proud too. Your methods were not ideal, but you did a great thing. great(p) things, really. Finding both the murderer and Jill. I notice her careful wording of the murderer. I think it was still hard for all of us to accept the fairness about Tasha. A lot will change because of Jill.All of us looked over at the foot of the throne. Ekaterina stood on one side, ready with the book of royal vows. The other side was where subdivisions of the monarch s family stoodbut only one lone person was there. Jill. Someone had done a great job of cleaning her up. Her curly hair had been elaborately styled and pinned, and she wore a knee-length sheath dress with a wide portrait style collar, just barely showing off her shoulders. The dresss cut made the most of her lanky figure, and the dark green satin looked great with her features. She was standing straight, chin high, but there was anxiety all over her, made more frank by her being so conspicuously alone.I glanced back at Abe, who met my eyes expectantly. I had a lot of questions for him, and he was one of the few who major power tell me the truth. The decision was which question to ask? It was like having a genie. Id only get so many wishes.What will happen to Jill? I asked at last. willing she just go back to school? Are they going to train her to be a princess? Lissa couldnt be both princess and queen, so her old title went to the next-oldest member of her family.Abe didnt answer for several moments. Until Lissa can get the law changedand hopefully, she willJill is all that allows her to keep her throne. If something happens to Jill, Lissa will no longer be queen. So. What would you do?Id keep her safe. whence you have your answer.Its kind of a broad one, I said. Safe means a lot of things.Ibrahim, warned my mother. Enough. This isnt the time or place.Abe held my gaze a bit longer and then broke into an easy smile. Of course, of course. This is a family gathering. A celebration. And look heres our newest member.Dimitri had joined us and wore black and white like my mother and me. He stood beside me, conspicuously not touching. Mr. Mazur, he said formally, nodding a greeting to both of them. Guardian Hathaway. Dimitri was seven years older than me, but right then, facing my parents, he looked like he was sixteen and about to pick me up for a date.Ah, Belikov, said Abe, shaking Dimitris hand. Id been hoping wed run into each other. Id really like to get to kn ow you better. Maybe we can set aside some time to talk, learn more about life, love, et cetera. Do you like to hunt? You seem like a hunting man. Thats what we should do sometime. I know a great spot in the woods. Far, far away. We could make a day of it. Ive certainly got a lot of questions Id like to ask you. A lot of things Id like to tell you too.I shot a panicked look at my mother, silently begging her to stop this. Abe had spent a good deal of time talking to Adrian when we dated, explaining in vivid and gruesome detail exactly how Abe expected his daughter to be treated. I did not want Abe taking Dimitri off alone into the wilderness, especially if firearms were involved.Actually, said my mom casually. Id like to come along. I also have a number of questionsespecially about when you two were back at St. Vladimirs.Dont you guys have somewhere to be? I asked hastily. Were about to start.That, at least, was true. Nearly everyone was in formation, and the crowd was quieting. Of course, said Abe. To my astonishment, he brushed a kiss over my forehead before stepping away. Im glad youre back. Then, with a wink, he said to Dimitri Looking forward to our chat.Run, I said when they were gone. If you slip out now, maybe they wont notice. Go back to Siberia.Actually, said Dimitri, Im pretty sure Abe would notice. Dont worry, Roza. Im not afraid. Ill take whatever heat they give me over being with you. Its worth it.You really are the bravest man I know, I told him.He smiled, his eyes falling on a small commotion at the rooms entrance. Looks like shes ready, he murmured.I hope I am, I whispered back.In true grandiose fashion, a prognosticate brought the room to attention. Perfect silence fell. You couldnt even hear breathing.The herald stepped back from the door. Princess Vasilisa Sabina Rhea Dragomir.Lissa entered, and even though Id seen her less than half an hour ago, I still caught my breath. She was wearing a formal gown but had once again dodged sleeves. No doubt the dress-maker had had a fit. The dress was floor-length, with a skirt of silk and chiffon layers that moved and fluttered around Lissa as she strode forward. The fabric was the same jade as her eyes, as was the dresss top, with a halter collar covered in emeralds that gave the illusion of a necklace. Matching emeralds covered the dresss belt, and bracelets completed the display. Her hair was worn long, brushed out to gleaming, platinum perfection, an aura unto itself.Christian walked beside her, a sharp contrast with his black hair and dark suit. Customs were being modified significantly today since a family member normally would have escorted Lissa, but well, she was kind of running out. Even I had to admit he looked amazing, and his pride and love for her shone on his faceno matter what troubled feelings stirred within him over Tasha. Lord Ozera, I remembered. I had a feeling that title would become more and more important now. He led Lissa to the base of the throne and then joined the Ozera delegation in the crowd.Ekaterina made a small gesture to a large satin pillow on the floor in front of the steps. Kneel.There was the briefest hesitation on Lissas part, one I think only I noticed. Even without the bond, I was so attuned to her supposition and tiniest actions that I could pick up on these things. Her eyes had gone to Jill. Lissas expression didnt change, and it was so strange not to know her feelings. I could make some amend guesses. Uncertainty. Confusion.Againthe pause was only a moment long. Lissa knelt, artfully spreading her skirts around her as she did. Ekaterina had always seemed so frail and wizened in that examen room, but as she stood there with the ancient Moroi coronation book, I could sense a power still within the former queen.The book was in Romanian, but Ekaterina translated it effortlessly as she read aloud, beginning with a speech about what was expected of a monarch and then going to the vows Lissa had to swear to.Will y ou serve?Will you protect your people?Will you be just?There were twelve in all, and Lissa had to answer I will three times to each one in English, in Russian, and in Romanian. Not having the bond to confirm her feelings was still so strange, but I could see on her face that she meant every word she said. When that part finished, Ekaterina cued Jill forward. Since Id last noticed the girl, someone had given her the crown to hold. It had been custom-made for Lissa, a masterpiece of white and yellow gold intertwined with emeralds and diamonds. It complemented her outfit beautifully, and, I noticed with a start, Jill did too.Another tradition was that the monarch was crowned by a family member, and this was what Jill had been saved for. I could see her hands tremble as she laid the bejeweled admire on her sisters head, and their gazes met briefly. A flash of troubled emotions swirled in Lissas eyes once more, gone quickly as Jill stepped back and the weight of the ceremony took preced ence.Ekaterina held out her hand to Lissa. Rise, she said. You will never kneel to anyone again. Holding Lissas hand, Ekaterina turned so that they both faced the rest of us in the room. With a voice startling for her small body, Ekaterina declared, Queen Vasilisa Sabina Rhea Dragomir, first of her name.Everyone in the roomexcept Ekaterinadropped to their knees, heads bowed. Only a few seconds passed before Lissa said, Rise. Id been told this was at the monarchs discretion. Some new kings and queens enjoyed qualification others kneel for a long time.Paperwork followed, which we all watched dutifully as well. Basically, it was Lissa signing to say shed been made queen while Ekaterina and a couple witnesses signed that theyd seen Lissa made queen. Three copies were on the ornate paper Moroi royalty so loved. One was plain white letterhead, which would go to the Alchemists.When the signing was done, Lissa took her place on the throne, and seeing her near those stairs was breathtaking , an image that would stay with me for the rest of my life. The room broke out into cheers and clapping as she settled into the ornate chair. Even the guardians, who normally stayed so deadly serious, joined in the applause and celebration. Lissa smiled at everyone, hiding whatever anxiety she felt.She scanned the room, and her grin broadened when she saw Christian. She then sought me out. Her smile for him had been affectionate mine was a bit humorous. I smiled back, wondering what she would say to me if she could.Whats so funny? asked Dimitri, looking down at me with amusement.Im just thinking about what Lissa would say if we still had the bond. In a very bad breach of guardian protocol, he caught a hold of my hand and pulled me toward him. And? he asked, wrapping me in an embrace.I think shed ask, What have we gotten ourselves into?Whats the answer? His warmth was all around me, as was his love, and again, I felt that completeness. I had that missing piece of my world back. The soul that complemented mine. My match. My equal. Not only that, I had my life back my own life. I would protect Lissa, I would serve, but I was finally my own person.I dont know, I said, leaning against his chest. But I think its going to be good. First and foremost, thank you to all of the loyal and enthusiastic readers around the world who have accompanied Rose and me throughout the series. I couldnt have made this journey without you and hope youll continue to enjoy the many Moroi and dhampir adventures to come.Thank you also to all of the friends and family who have supported meespecially my husband, who continually amazes me with his patience, love, and mightiness to live with the ups and downs of a creative type. A special shout-out also goes to Jesse McGatha for creating the forest riddle, something I could never have come up with, let alone solve.And as always, Im grateful to the publishing folks who work behind the scenes to make these books happen Jim McCarthymy agent, oc casional therapist, and non- stop advocate Lauren Abramo, who keeps finding more countries Ive never heard of to cast Rose to Jessica Rothenberg and Ben Schrank, editors extraordinaire whom Im pretty sure forego food and sleep to perfect these books and publicist Casey McIntyre, who organizes my tours and interviews, with great care to arrange them around my hair appointments.A final thanks to all the others who work on this series at Penguin Books, Dystel & Goderich Literary Management, and my international publishers. There are far too many of you to list, but all of you are essential in telling Roses story. Thank you.

Spices

Spices nooky be defined as aromatic or acrid plant substances utilize to provide flavor, color and aroma to food (Mohamed, 2014). These spices ar characterized by being rich in antioxidants and have some healthful properties (Jeswal and Kumar, 2015 Kong et al., 2014). Spices are widely used throughout the world for many purposes, of which their used in food preparation and processing (Hashem and Alamri, 2010).Many of them are used as traditional medicines in many cases such as infections, wounds, sprains and nausea and some spices help to improve glucose of plasma by improving insulin sensitivity (Mohamed, 2014). Because of its medicinal properties, spices are used for pharmaceutical industries as raw materials (Toma and Abdullah, 2013).In addition, essential oils of spices or spices themselves have preservative action (Nielsen and Rios, 2000).Antimicrobial properties of some spices inhibit the fungal growth as reported for turmeric and sumac (Jeswal and Kumar, 2015 Toma and Abdu llah, 2013), while essential oils and oleoresins of some spices shown to be high effectively against microbial growth. Essential oil of mustard is one of these oils, which includes the brisk component allyl isothiocyanate (AITC). Other spices such as cinnamon, garlic and clove considered as potential inhibitors (Nielsen and Rios, 2000). while other spices such as red chilly and dry ginger considered as liable substance for growth of many fungus kingdom (Jeswal and Kumar, 2013).Although red chili is in the second rank as the largest used spice worldwide after black pepper, contamination of red chili samples by AFs and OTA were repeatedly reported by many studies and Aspergillus flavus, A. niger and A. fumigates are the fungi contaminants that are repeatedly detected in the flake or powder samples of red chili. In ginger derivatives and samples, the mycotoxins that have been detected are AFs and OTA. Contamination of spices can be occurred in the field, when the spices undergo dryin g process or during storage (Kabak and Dobson, 2017).

Oprah is a name that needs no introduction Essay

Oprah is so well-known that she doesnt even need a last name Her early years in her career were influenced strongly by viewing Barbara Walters on The Today Show. She was a senior in high school when she entered a contest. Upon entering the contest she had to lease a career goal. Her choice was broadcast journalism because the other contestants chose to be a nurse and teacher. This choice turned out to be a very wise choice. She won the contest This win landed her a job as a newscaster while still attending Tennessee State University.Although the stress of a job and college were taxing, Oprah loved the business and knew this was an actual viable option for her. This led Oprah to a job at Baltimores largest television station. She was at first on, accordingly off, the evening news. She was then placed on an early morning interview show where she felt the click -This Is It This is my future Her obstacles were many. She was a woman, she was Afri move-Ameri tummy, she was poor but she wasnt a quitter. She knew to succeed meant to keep on her path and to not lose sight of her goal. She knew this by the time she was three or four years old.She knew that she would come upon something spectacular. And indeed she has she began hosting a television show in 1984 in Chicago which soon became syndicated. She knew that to remain conquestful and in a leadership position that she unavoidable to purchase her show, in which she did. This led to many other ventures in her life such as the cable channel Oxygen and her magazine, O. She is so successful that she was admit as the wealthiest African American woman in entertainment. Life Magazine also listed her in The Most 100 Influential People of the 20th ascorbic acid in 1998.See more how to write an introductionOprah has become so influential because she is living proof that adversity can be overcome. Abuse can be overcome. Poverty and racism can be overcome. She is an icon to all of those that struggle. Her openness about h er battle with her weight is just another avenue for state to connect with and be influenced by her. Shes open about her past, people relate to that. Influence is power, especially if you show the shoes that you have traveled in. She is an cheer for African Americans, women, children, poverty, and racism. She touches nearly every unitary in some facet of their life. Oprahs leadership style is Lead By Example.We have watched her zephyr her abuse stories on air as well as her weight problems. This humanizes her as well as openly shows that any weakness can become a strength if one perseveres. She never leads by letting others pave the way. She paves the way She opens doors for education of minorities in impoverished countries that well-nigh of the world has chosen to forget. She also leads through compassion and conviction. What impresses me most about Oprah is she never allowed herself to stay down. She had always managed to overcome all of her personal and professional obstacle s to achieve personal and professional success.She values her personal growth and success more, and there again, it shows that she is only human like the rest of us. Even if she were to become poor today, she would still keep trying to learn the life lessons that have do her strong and truly convicted in her belief system. Conversely, what I found unimpressive is her over-playing the race card at times. If she promotes a movie that is predominately African American, she is overly matey and has even been noted to share some private moment on air that the rest of America may not understand. The favoritism toward these fellow African-Americans can sometimes be nauseating.

Mary Shelley & the novel Essay

More quotes to indulge the commentators thoughts of negative views for the behemoth are said by the doctor. I turned untie into world a depraved wretch, whose delight was in carnage and misery . Here Frankenstein says that the monster enjoys evil and gains pleasure from it. This gives a very negative air of the creature to the reader as they will think every act which is bad the monster loves it. From all the negative comments which were said by Frankenstein, seems to change the readers thoughts at the start of chapter 11.From the beginning of this chapter it clearly shows that the monster is not one to be judged at first sight. He says, I saw, felt, heard, and smelt, at the equivalent time and it was, indeed, a long time before I learned to distinguish between the operations of my various senses. This speech which the monster says expresses a distinct light to the novel. He explains how the sense of sight, touch, hearing and smell were a new thing to him and how long it took f or him to differentiate between the various senses he possesses.All these qualities fit(p) for another being as well as the monster. A child will also have these qualities when he/she enters the world for the first time. So this quote shows how Mary Shelley compares the monster to a new natural(p) baby. She has done this because its another way to convey that the comments which were made by Frankenstein are just opinions not facts. She also gives the monster a chance to speak for him and tell his side of the story. Another way Mary Shelley presents the monster as a new born baby is when the monster describes his development.I now found that I could wander on at liberty, with no obstacles which I could not either surmount or avoid. Now the monster describes how freely he can roam around places and how he is able to make his way through solid obstacles covering his improvement of eyesight. Mary Shelley presents the monster like this because she still compares the monster to a ne w born baby. Like the monster a new born baby would gradually learn how to walk and learn how he/she can see obstacles in their way.Further ways the author compared the monster to a new born baby is when the monster describes him having the same qualities as the baby. He quotes, I felt tormented by hunger and thirst and was overcome by sleep. These 2 quotes are qualities of a baby. A baby would feel hungry and thirsty most of the time and would feel sleepy during the day and night. These actions the monster also felt. in any case in another quotation, the monster describes himself as an infant instead of a baby.This quotation is, In my joy I thrust my hand into the live embers, but quickly drew it out again with a cry of pain. Here the monster had just found a fire which was left keister and in the cold he decided to make himself warm but seating by it. Overcome by joyful sensations he drove his pass into the flames making the fire extinguish. This shows hes like an infant beca use when an infant would make a mistake, the infant would cry and weep. Similarly like an infant the monster made a mistake and cried in a painful manner.

Mcgee Cake Company

Running Header CASE STUDY 1 The McGee Cake Company A Case Study Submitter Instructor BUS of course 2012 CASE STUDY 2 Introduction The McGee Cake Company, owned by Doc and Lyn McGee, has been a touch on proprietorship ball club since its inception in 2005 (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 18).A sole proprietorship is the least regulated create of organization and has allowed the McGees to run their phoner largely as they see fit and to reap all the financial internet. However, the companys juvenile growth has added additive financial burdens which piddle caused the McGees to revisit the companys actual form of organization (Ross, Westerfield, & Jordan, 2013, p. 5). To that end, the owners have approached me to help manage and direct the company since its fast growth has lead to cash flow and capacity problems (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 8). What follows is information on the advantages and disadvantages of ever-changing the companys organization from a sole proprietorship to an limited obligation company as well as the advantages and disadvantages of changing the companys current form of contrast organization to a corporation (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 18). In addition, the McGees have asked me for my recommendation as to which form of business organization I believe the company should chthonic grapple and the reasons/rationale behind my recommendation.CASE STUDY 3 Key Issue The one key issue that has led the McGees to consider moving the company from a sole proprietorship to a limited liability company or that of a corporation is the companys recent rapid growth. This growth has presented both opportunities and challenges for the company as a whole.Specifically, sales have exploded since The McGee Cake Company was recently featured in a leading specialty food magazine (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 18). while this growth has allowed the McGees to use the companys revenues as their sole source of income, it has increased their need for capital as they have had to hire additional workers to meet the demand (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 18). Also, additional capital will be needed to purchase more than assets in an effort to keep up with the companys continuing growth (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 8). Under the current business form these two increased expenditurespayroll and assetsare the sole financial responsibility of the McGees which may cause some financial stress since their available justness is limited to the amount of their personal wealthiness (Ross, Westerfield, & Jordan, 2013, p. 5). This growth has also presented the McGees with the opportunity to enter into business with a national supermarket chain that has proposed to put four of the McGees cakes in all of the chains stores (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 18).In addition, the McGees have been approached by a national restaurant chain in regards to selling McGee cakes in its restaurants (Ross, Westerf ield & Jordan, 2013, p. 18). Again, under sole proprietorship the company may misplace out on these opportunities because of insufficient capital to expand the business assets (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 5). For example, if the McGees do not have the capital to purchase more ovens they may not be able to keep up with the increased demand from the supermarket/restaurant chains, potentially causing both business ventures to fail.In order for the company to capitalize on its current growth the McGees need to be informed of the advantages and disadvantages of other forms of business organizations to determine which will best suit their needs for both the short- and long-term. CASE STUDY 4 Advantages and Disadvantages of changing from a Sole Proprietorship to a Limited Liability Company The goal of a limited liability company is to operate and be assessed like a partnership but retain limited liability for owners (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. ). Thus the main advanta ge gained by shifting from a sole proprietorship to a more formal organization whether it be a limited liability company or a corporation is liability protection (Cromwell, n. d. , n. p. ). Under sole proprietorship the McGees have unlimited liability for their business debts (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 5). This means that if their business owes creditors and the McGees are unable to pay with business assets the creditors commode demand payment via the McGees personal assets (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. ). In contrast, under a limited liability company the McGees personal assets would be protected from business liability (Cromwell, n. d. , n. p. ). Additionally, the McGees must rely on their own personal wealth in an effort to raise equity whereas a limited liability company affords the business to bring a number of investors and partners on board in an effort to raise capital (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 5 Cromwell, n. d. , n. p. ).Hence, the limited li ability company will provide them with the capital they require to increase their business assets in order to keep up with the high demand for their products. In terms of taxes the McGees currently report their personal and business taxes as one. Under a limited liability company they will no longer be able to claim their business income on their personal registers separate tax returns would have to be filed for both their personal income and their business income (Cromwell, n. d. , n. p. ).Moreover, the McGees would have to file documentation with the state prior to their company being able to claim limited liability status. The taxes and state filing issues, in my professional opinion, should not be viewed as detractors. The benefits the company will reap (e. g. , ability to raise capital) certainly outweigh the annual taxation supplying and filing with the state to establish the limited liability company. CASE STUDY 5 Advantages and Disadvantages of Changing from a Sole Proprie torship to a CorporationSome of the advantages of forming a corporation are, in contrast to sole proprietorship, owner-ship of a corporation can be readily transferred (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, pp. 5-6). Also, like a limited liability company, a corporation has limited liability for the companys debts and stockholders can only lose what they have invested (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 6). In addition, unlike sole proprietorship, a corporation an unlimited business life (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. ). For these reasons, a corporation is a superior form of business organization for raising capital (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 6). Along with the advantages of forming a corporation comes the main disadvantage taxation. Corporations must deal with double taxation meaning that profits are taxed at both the corporate level when earned and again at the personal level when they are paid out (Ross, Westerfield & Jordan, 2013, p. 6).While a corporation provid es many advantages the tax disadvantage that comes with it currently outweighs those advantages. CASE STUDY 6RecommendationWith The McGee Cake Companys rapid growth it is in need of changing its form of business organization. In particular, the McGees need enhance protection for their personal assets from business obligations and liabilities as well as a better vehicle to attract investors (Cromwell, n. . , n. d. ). Therefore, after carefully weighing the advantages and disadvantages of changing from a sole proprietorship to a limited liability company or that of a corporation my recommendation is for the former. Becoming a limited liability company will benefit them greatly since it provides limited liability in that their personal assets will be separate from their business assets, thus protecting their personal assets from creditors want payment if such a situation should ever arise.Becoming a limited liability company will also allow the McGees to raise equity by means of par tners and investors. Since the McGees are in need of additional capital to purchase new business assets in an effort for them to keep up with the current demand for their products a limited liability company would allow them this advantage. Since this rapid growth may continue the McGees may want to revisit becoming a corporation. However, my recommendation is for them to take the next logical and less daunting step and become a limited liability company for the reasons stated above.CASE STUDY 7 References Cromwell, J. (n. d. ). Demand Media The Advantages and Disadvantages of Changing the Company Organization from a Sole Proprietorship. Retrieved from http//smallbusiness. chron. com/advantages-disadvantages-changing-company-organization-sole-proprietorship-24632. html Ross, S. , Westerfield, R. , & Jordan, B. (2013). Fundamentals of Corporate Finance (10th ed. ). McGraw-Hill/Irwin New York, NY

Humanitarian Intervention Essay

The coupled Nations is an international plaque that fights for world intermission, and strives to control international law, international security, economic development, social progress, and human rights. In the get together Nations preamble, it states the organization is determined to barely win generations from the scourge of war and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom. However, the U.N. digest often be ineffective and it has been an ongoing debate between the worlds leaders whether or not intervention is justified when inhuman acts are committed in foreign lands. Too some(prenominal) human beings have been victims of violence, rape and/or other crimes on the U.N.s watch all because the organization is not authorized to forcefully step in in another country. The coupled Nations Security Council is responsible for preserving peace between nations and even within nations, and when a nation is committing atrocious acts against its cit izens, the U.N. and other nations should have the right to intervene militarily to end those abuses.Just as if a teenager would take on the responsibilities of providing a basis and food for themselves when they move out, a country assumes the responsibility of taking care of its citizens when it becomes independent. When a country proves to the immaterial world it is not cap competent of controlling its citizens and maintaining a collected nation, blue helmeted U.N. troops whitethorn invade these unstable regions. It would be inhumane for the U.N., any country, or any human to witness a population suffering and not try to interfere in some federal agency. To look the other way would be immoral and an inhumane act of itself. When trying to obtain peace in foreign countries, peaceful negotiations are not always successful and other means are necessary. In the past, the U.N. has not been able to aid suffering populations militarily and has failed to cherish the citizens from sinf ul crimes. In a survey taken by the U.N. in 2007, which covered a total of 14 countries, plus the Palestinian Territories, it found that solid majorities in each of 12 national pools believe that the U.N.Security Council should have the right to authorize the use of war machine force to protect devoid throng from genocide and other massive abuses, even against the will of their own government (Lobe). Even with the support of the majority of world, the U.N. still does not have the authority to forcefully protect innocent people from cruelty. When tens of thousands of people were being killed in Darfur, and Rwanda, it was the U.N.s responsibility to step in and barely the lives of those living in a country at an unfortunate time. However, by following their rules of procedure, the U.N. troops were not allowed to use force unless fired upon. Since 2003, tens of thousands of people have being killed and over one million people displaced in Darfur and in 1994, Hutus killed an estima ted 800,000 Tutsis in Rwanda (Spectators to Genocide). As a result of the massacre in Rwanda, there are much than one million orphans (Rust).But when the blue helmeted troops entered the Rwandan chaos, there was not much they could do to stop the genocides that were taking place right before their eyes. It took the United Nations three years after the United States declared the events taking place in Darfur as genocide to interfere, and even still the U.N. has done zipper beneficial to help those suffering in Darfur. Unable to seize weapons, the blue helmets stand by powerless. Had the United Nations involved itself earlier in Rwanda and Darfur and at full force, millions of peoples lives could have been saved or bettered. If the U.N. involved itself militarily, it is possible that the U.N. may have a few casualties, plainly the United States Army has at sea a good number of soldiers over the years while fighting for causes they believe in. Sometimes sacrifices emergency to be made, and if a few members of the U.N. were lost in exploit to protect the lives of thousands of people and potentially save a population, it would be an admirable sacrifice.It should be the worlds responsibility to defend civilians when its government is blameable of neglecting to protect their populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity (Reeves). Had the United Nations acted quicker when the Hutus began killing the Tutsis, and put an end to the vicious attacks that took place during those days, future genocides could have possibly been prevented. Instead, the word genocide can be heard more frequently and little is being done to stop that. Thousands of lives could have been saved or altered had the United Nations been able to step in and militarily defend the helpless populations of Rwanda and Darfur. Justification of humanitarian intervention is inwrought in order to protect the lives and rights of those suffering from genocide.The U.N . should want a reputation of not allowing genocides to take place, but instead the organization is being criticized for the lack of effort and aid being lent to those countries in need. over the years, too many lives have been lost or damaged due to genocide and other inhumane acts. Humanitarian intervention needs to be allowed when a country is not protecting its citizens, in effort to save the lives of populations. The United Nations ineffectiveness in the past should be enough of a reason for why humanitarian intervention should be justified. It is imperative that the United Nations be entitled to militarily involve itself when innocent lives are in danger.Works CitedCharter of the United Nations Preamble. Welcome to the United Nations Its Your World. Web. 03 Nov. 2010. .Jim Lobe. U.N. POLL SHOWS all-encompassing SUPPORT FOR U.N. ACTION AGAINST GENOCIDE. Global Information earnings 6 April 2007 Research Library, ProQuest. Web. 3 Nov. 2010. Reeves, E. Failure to shelter Inte rnational Response to Darfur Genocide. Harvard International Review 29.4 (2008) 84-85. Research Library, ProQuest. Web. 3 Nov. 2010. Rust, Selina. RWANDA REMEMBERING THE UNFORGETTABLE. Global Information Network 9 April 2010 Research Library, ProQuest. Web. 9 Nov. 2010. Spectators to Genocide. Wall Street Journal 2 Aug. 2007, Eastern edition bailiwick Newspaper Abstracts (3), ProQuest. Web. 3 Nov. 2010.

Educational Technology

Exam Name___YVETTE TORRALBA-MOSES___________ TRUE/FALSE. economise T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false. 1) Technological literacy so-and-so non serve as the primary rationale for integrating educational technology. 1) _T______ 2) One thing we feel learned from the business relationship of technologies in education is that teachers r bely have judgment of conviction to snap off their own instructional media for teaching. 2) __T_____ 3) Research over the past 40 years has shown conclusively that technology-based methods are usually superior to traditional ones. 3) _F______MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 4) Educators who come from a vocational background and belong to the ITEA professional organization use this term to insinuate to uses of technology for teaching and learning. 4) B______ A) instructional technology B) technology education C) educational technology D) instructional syste ms 5) In which of the pastime eras did Integrated Learning Systems (ILSs) become popular? 5) _D______ A) Internet Era B) Post-Internet Era C) Pre-microcomputer Era D) personal computer Era 6)What is one thing we have learned from the history of technology in education near the role teachers will play in the future? 6) __B_____ A) To be effective, schools must keep up with fresh technology-based methods. B) Despite technological innovations, homo teachers will always be very important. C) Due to technological innovations, human teachers gradually will be phased out. D) The most successful teachers are ones who integrate technology into their methods. 7) What does AUP stand for? 7) __D_____ A) classic Use Procedures B) Authorized Uniform Procedures C) Authorized Uniform Policies D)Authorized Use Policies 8) Why do teachers exigency to develop their own rationale for use technology in education? 8) __A_____ A) Integrating technology is time-consuming and relatively expensive to use. B) Parents are often opposed to their children using technology in classrooms. C) Teachers often have to persuade administrators to support technology uses. D) Newer technologies continue to require different rationales than older ones. 9) Which of the following is one of the rangy issues shaping the current and future climate of educational technology? 9) ___B____ A) Macintosh vs. Windows platform usage in schoolsB) directed vs. constructivist learning strategies C) cooperative vs. individualized learning strategies D) web-based vs. broadcast distance learning delivery brusk ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 10) Though many an(prenominal) educators tend to think of technology as devices, Saettler reminds us that the historical function of educational technology was a/an ________ rather than a reaping. 10) __tool and process______ 11) This term evolved from computer literacy and has come to mean technical skills tha t help prepare students for the workplace. 1) _____________ 12) What human body of software, first introduced in 1994, marked the beginning of more widespread Internet use? 12) Computer help learning________ 13) Attacks on computer systems by hackers and viruses make it necessary for schools to install firewalls and this kind of software. 13) _firewall software______ 14) What term is apply to detect the disparity between the use of computers by girls and boys which some people feel leads to girls entering science and math fields less often than boys? 14) _____________ 15)ISTE has worked with groups such as NCATE to identify this set of technology skills that should be required of all American teachers. 15) _NETS______ TRUE/FALSE. Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false. 16) Using physical exercise and radiation pattern to promote automaticity is a directed strategy. 16) _F____ 17) Having small groups work cooperatively to develop a hypermedia product is identified more with constructivist models than with directed instructional ones. 17) ___T___ 18) One of the essential conditions for effective technology integration is fair to middling technical assistance for teachers. 8) __T____ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 19) Which of the following technology-based strategies talent Skinner have considered an effective way to shape learned behavior? 19) ___C___ A) forming responses through multimedia rewards for good behavior B) using visual examples to bridge adult/expert and child/novice levels C) drill and practice that gives reinforcement for correct answers D) using Internet illustrations to stimulate recall of prerequisite skills 20)Which of the following might be a kind of technology strategy based on constructivist learning models? 20) _C_____ A) Identifying skill weaknesses and targeting tutorial and drill software to them B) Giving students a German langua ge tutorial because a teacher is not easy C) Showing video-based problems that students solve through small group work D) Letting students write document by word processing, rather than by hand 21) What two kinds of instruments can teachers design or take up during Phase 3 of the TIP Model to assess changes in attitudes during a technology-enhanced lesson? 1) __A___ A) Rubrics and semantic differentials B) Likert scales and semantic differentials C) Rubrics and mirror image checklists D) Likert scales and rubrics 22) In writing outcomes and objectives for technology-enhanced lessons, which of the following should teachers always consider? 22) __A___ A) skills and attitudes to be learned B) teaching approaches to be used C) learning processes to be used D) technology skills to be learned 23) Which of the following should be asked during Phase 6 to determine if the technology-enhanced lesson worked as planned? 23)B_____ A) Have the technology resources been integrated well? B) Cou ld a different technology produce a better result? C) Do teachers agree that the technology was necessary? D) Were all available technology resources used? 24) What is one of the most important guidelines for teachers and others to follow when writing proposals to obtain technology financing? 24) _D____ A) bewilder descriptions of relevant background for all personnel. B) Make sure to address the primary goals of the funding agency. C) Give detailed explanation to justify funds for technology resources. D)Make sure sufficient research history and background is included. SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 25) Howard Gardner would probably approve of assigning different roles in small group multimedia development projects because they can help address this concept that is central to his theory. 25) _Theory of Multiple Intelligences__ 26) What would Vygotsky call a process of helping students develop new math skills by u sing video-based problems to build on their own knowledge and experience? 26) _social process in learning_______ 27)What do teachers see when they determine that a technology-based strategy is better than the traditional one they were using? 27) _____________ 28) This model gives teachers a general approach to address challenges involved in integrating technology into teaching. 28) _Technology desegregation Planning Model_______ 29) This software prevents access to specific web site addresses or to web sites that contain definite keywords or phrases. 29) _Firewall Software_ 30) What is the name for the policy that schools should have students sign to help make sure they are conscious(predicate) of appropriate behaviors on the Internet? 30) _Authorized Use Policies______

High school student drop out Essay

The increasingly spirited rate of coach cast out is worrying exclusively the s sellholders in the education sector including p atomic number 18nts, teachers and the government activity. This is beca phthisis these quite a little ar sure of the challenges that will award students who drop out of naturalize. Although leaders make believe called on communities, families and directs to make efforts to ensure that students await at shallow, the rate at which the students drop out of school is still high. It is thitherfore important that we essay the problem with a view of understanding it better, so that we whitethorn know how to resolve it once and for all. becharm moreresearch paper about tardinessThe number of students who complete school in the US has been steady declining over the years. In position, over the last decades, this figure has only change magnitude in seven states. In ten states, the percentage of students who did not complete school was 8% or higher, w hich reflects a disturbing trend. US is currently ranked tenth among the countries in the world which hit the highest school completion rates. When a verdant that is considered to be the superpower is ranked tenth on school completion rates, this shows that there is a major underlying problem.Factors that contribute to the high school student drop out rate. Family cohesion and background. This is bingle of the major reasons why students drop out of school. Students who come from families where there is violence, abusive homes or lamentable produceal dealing have higher chances of displace out of school, comp ard to those who come from stable homes. This is collectible to the fact that such children are more standardisedly to have stress and depression because of the problems that they have. They are also likely to start abusing drugs at an early age, which whitethorn contribute to their move out of school.Statistics also show that children who come from single raise families are also more likely to drop out of school than those who have both parents. This emplacement is linked to low self-importance esteem as well as problems that children who come from single parent families face. Early pregnancy. Early pregnancy is a major challenge for early girls, and is a contributor to their falling out of school. This situation is compounded by situations where the young girls families are not financially stable, or cases where the male child responsible for the pregnancy is either unwilling or unable to support the girl.Many young girls who face this situation usually take breaks to give birth, but fail to return to school collect to mixed reasons. The girls who are not financially well off are forced to drop out of school to take care of their children, while others fear going back to school due to stigmatization. School violence. This is a factor that is increasingly contributing to the dropping out of school by students. School violence has incr eased in the recent past, and takes various forms.It capacity take the form of serious security breaches that involve use of deadly weapons, like was witnessed in the 1999 Columbine high school massacre (Rosenberg 2008). It whitethorn also take the form of bullying and harassment of students by fellow classmates. Both these forms of violence have the potential to raise fear to actual victims, and may discourage them from attending school. In these cases, there is genuine fear for their lives and they may drop out of school. Employment. Poverty or general un practice session of members of the family may make students drop out of school.This is because the students may be forced to recreate in order to support their family. In these cases, the students may not have decent time to study due to the responsibilities that they have. Employment opportunities may not only be operational to the students who are not well off financially. Some students come from financially stable famili es but serve for employment opportunities so that they might save money. These students are also likely to drop out of school since it is difficult to work and study at the same time. Psychological or personal characteristics.There are certain characteristics that students may possess, which may make them drop out of school at an early age. These may be either physical or psychological characteristics. Psychological characteristics may take low self esteem, mental illnesses, depression and stress, among other problems. In case students have these problems and they are either not address early enough, or these students lack learning facilities that accommodate their unique needinesss, they are highly likely to drop out of school. tally to Kenneth (35-39), students may also face physical disabilities that hinder the learning process.Such include blindness, deafness or other physical disabilities. If such students also lack facilities that can handle their ask, they are also likel y to drop out of school. Substance demoralise. According to David and Wayne (4-8), students who engage in substance abuse have real high chances of dropping out of school. Students who abuse alcohol or other potent drugs such as cannabis, heroin, cocaine or other drugs are likely to drop out of school. This is due to the disciplinary problems that they are likely to face in school as well as the fact that such drugs hinder the learning capabilities.Such students are unlikely to perform well in school, and this has the encumbrance of demotivating them. They are also more likely to face stress and depression, and all these factors work to increase their chances of dropping out of school. Perceived loss of value of school diplomas. The modern business environment has become very competitive, and this is attributed to globalization. Success in the modern world is increasingly based on merit and job performance. Employers are nowadays looking for very high academic qualification when recruiting employees.In this regards, high school diplomas are generally perceived to have lost value, and students need to play along win education so that they might get employment opportunities in this competitive business environment. Some students therefore opt to drop out of school and pursue other interests due to this perception. Such interests include drama, movies, modeling or the music industry. However, what al most(prenominal) students are not aware of is that one has to have basic education in order to be successful in these fields. High school education acts as a chopine for pursuing further education and building a career. Limited number of counselors.Statistics point to the fact that the average number of students who are served by a single counselor is 500. In high school, the average number of students served by a single counselor is 285. These counsellors have many tasks to accomplish and have very little time to interact with students. According to Jill (311 -317), students who are about to drop out of school may therefore not find oneself someone to talk to and get advice regarding the situation. This is also compounded by the fact that most of these students have poor relations with their parents, since teenagers and parents usually have communication problems.Students therefore opt to drop out of school due to lack of advice on the consequences of making this decision. Solutions to these problems. Counseling. Most students may reverse their decision to drop out of school if they are advised on the consequences of making this decision by someone that they trust. In most of these cases, counselors are the best people to advice the students since there are young counsellors who understand the problems that these students go through. The government should ensure that there are enough counselors to serve all students.Sometimes students may be depressed and they only need someone to share their problems with. When they are unable to find someone, they take drastic steps like dropping out of schools. Counselors will advise students that education is very important for success in life. Safety. The government and all education stakeholders should also ensure that the school environment is ripe for all people. There should be adequate controls that prevent and deal with security breaches, either involving deadly weapons or bullying. Some problems like bullying may appear to be petty and they are ignored in most academic institutions.However they are serious problems that should not be ignored, since they have high psychological impacts on the victims. When students can feel safe in the school environment, they will look forward to going to school to learn. After all, these students spend most of their time in schools, and once they feel that they are unsafe, they are likely to drop out of school. Family problems. According to Gail (211-216), it is evident that family problems is a major factor that contributes to dropp ing out of school. It is a very sensitive set off considering that there is a limitation to which strangers may involve themselves in family matters.It is however exigent that problems such as violence and abuse are reported to the authorities, and these will be turn to through the relevant laws. These problems cannot be condoned, since once students are not comfortable in their own homes, it will be difficult for them to condense in class and learn. Other family issues such as parental and child conflict should be addressed through dialog, either between the school administration and the individual families, or through counseling by qualified professionals. This dialog will enable the underlying problems to be identified and solved, so that the children may sojourn in school.Early pregnancy. This problem is best solved by preventing the issue, rather than addressing it after it has occurred. The young people should be told about the consequences of early sex, especially unsafe sex. These students should be made to understand that in auxiliary to the risk of pregnancy, there is also a risk of contracting STIs such as HIV/AIDS. However, one a girl becomes pregnant, she should be allowed to stay in school until the time to give birth, after which she is given up a break. She should resume school after giving birth, as this is very important.Counselors and parents should play a life-and-death role in guiding girls who are undergoing this experience. The government should also set up funds to serving girls who are pregnant and do not have the resources to take care of the baby, and go back to school. Facilities for the handicapped. The government has a pivotal role of ensuring that there are learning facilities that will take care of the needs of students who face either physical or mental disabilities. There should also be enough teachers who have been trained on how to take care of the needs of these students.This will ensure that these students learn just like their peers, and that they have equal opportunities in life. Value of diplomas. The stakeholders in the educational sector have a crucial role to play in publicizing the value of the high school diplomas. There should be fixture talks between these stakeholders and the students regarding the issue. Students should be made to understand that although the modern world has become very competitive, it is imperative that they obtain at least the high school diploma.The reason is that the diploma acts as a platform in acquiring further employment opportunities and joining a profession. Employment. The government should enforce the laws that bar the employment of young people who are below the legal age. It should also hold regular forums with employers regarding employment of young people with a view of regulating the hours that they work. The employers should also be made to insist that young employees pursue education, since this will be the platform for promotions and advanc ement in the careers.This will enable that the young people who work have enough time to study. Conclusion and recommendation. The stakeholders in the education sector should join hands in ensuring the the drop out rate drastically reduces, and that each child knows the value of education. The solutions to the problems that have been discussed above should be implemented, so that this objective may be achieved. Above all, students should be made to understand that the high school diploma is a platform for opportunities in life.

Seperating Metal Cations Using Paper Chromatography

Lab 3 Separating Metal Cations by Paper Chromatography Introduction/ usage In chemistry, it is important to effectively analyze the components in a given mixture. In order to do so, chemists will analyze a mixture either softly or quantitatively exploitation antithetical regularitys and equipment. Qualitative analyses are subjective, and only hit non-numerical entropy such as the color, appearance, and smell of the components. This info is mean to obtain physical information on the components present.While quantitative analyses are objective, and physical exercise numerical data to gather the quantity of the components present. duodecimal data can be given in terms of height, area, volume, weight, speed, time, temperature, etc. all(prenominal) method of data analyses provides chemists with specific types of information that can be used to draw conclusions about the experiments they flummox performed. This lab utilized both quantitative and qualitative data by using the Pa per Chromatography method for determining the coat cations present in an enigmatical sample.This was performed by using reagents that reacted with the coat cations deposited on the paper. The keeping factor of each known cation was calculated in order to determine which admixture cations were present in two unidentified samples. Objective Effectively use Paper Chromatography to analyze quantitative and qualitative data of various metal cations, in an effort to correctly identify two unknown samples of metal cations, by comparing them against a chromatogram with known component reactions.This lab also aids in better apprehensiveness the importance of create a chemists observation and data recording methods, as few of the reactions are faint, or may degrade over a short period. Material & Equipment 1) Personal protecting(prenominal) Equipment (PPE) 2) 600 ml beaker 3) Plastic wrap 4) Rubber band 5) (3) Paper imbues 6) (2) 11 x 14 cm elements of chromatographic paper 7) Pe ncil 8) Metric ruler 9) Capillary tube 10) Paper towels 11) 10 ml of 6M HCL 12) 35 ml of Acetone ((CH3)2CO) 13) Metal cations- Iron(III), Cobalt(II), Nickel(II), and Copper(II) 14) Two unknown sample cations 5) Reagents Potassium ferrocyanide, Potassium thiocynate in acetone, Dimethyl glyoxime in ethanol 16) 50 ml beaker with 25 ml of ammonium hydroxide 17) Fume jacket crown Procedure/Methods 1) *See the attached pre-lab outline for the procedure/order of operations used in finish this lab experiment* 2) *The procedure was altered at step 9 with direction from the lab teacher. Chromatogram 2 was not spotted with the four known metal cations. * Three pieces of filter paper were used to consecrate spotting with the four known metal cations.The filter paper was folded into four separate sections and a low-spirited sample of the known metal cation was spotted onto a marked point. This process was repeated for each piece of filter paper. Filter sample 1 was spotted using potassium fe rrocyanide filter sample 2 was spotted using potassium thiocynate in acetone and filter sample 3 was spotted using dimethyl glyoxime in ethanol. Using three separate samples allowed the group to analyze the qualitative results (color change) of the interactions with each of the four metal cations.This provided preliminary data that was used to hypothesize which compound would be best to spot the known metal cations on chromatogram 1. After reviewing both the interaction results, and the retention taxs (RF), we then determined which reagent provided the most placeable interaction with each of the metal cations. equality 1. pic entropy *See attached Data Sheets* Results The lab instructor reported the results of the correct unknown metal cations as follows 1) dark 1 = Copper ) Unknown 2 = Iron and Nickel As shown on Data Sheet 2, our lab group concluded that the unknown metal cations were as follows 1) Unknown 1 = Cobalt 2) Unknown 2 = Iron Qualitative Data (Chromatogram 1) The f irst observations made of chromatogram 1 were those of the physical changes in the color of the metal cations after they were exposed to the developing solvent. The colors observed for the metal cations were as shown by the corresponding barroom graph in see to it 1 below.Copper = Light Brown, Nickel = Pink, Iron = Blue, and Cobalt = Green Quantitative Data (Chromatogram 1) After the qualitative observations were analyzed and recorded, the spotted sections of each metal cation were marked with a pencil at the highest migration distance of the substance. This cadence was then used in calculating the Rf value of each metal cation, using Equation 1 above, and represented in Figure 1 below. Copper = . 7, Nickel = . 1, Iron = 1, and Cobalt = . 5 Figure 1. pic Qualitative Data (Chromatogram 2)The first observations made of chromatogram 2 were those of the physical changes in the color of the metal cations after they were exposed to the developing solvent. The colors observed for the me tal cations were as shown by the corresponding bar graph in Figure 2 below. Unknown 1 = Green, and Unknown 2 = Blue Quantitative Data (Chromatogram 1) After the qualitative observations were analyzed and recorded, the spotted sections of each metal cation were marked with a pencil at the highest migration distance of the unknown substance.This measurement was then used in calculating the Rf value of the unknown metal cations, using Equation 1 above, and represented in Figure 2 below. Unknown 1 = . 41 and Unknown 2 = . 91 Figure 2. pic Conclusion The qualitative and quantitative data of the known metal cations from chromatogram 1 were used to determine the metal cations that composed Unknown sample 1 and 2, in chromatogram 2. Unknown 1 was developed using KSCN/acetone, and Unknown 2 was developed using K4Fe(CN)6. However, it is unknown why we chose to use that reagent as opposed to the other two available.It is also clear that a excursus from the procedure caused us to erroneously s treak our chromatogram unknowns with only one reagent. Failing to spot and streak chromatogram 2 with all reagents prohibited our ability to analyze the sample after vulnerability to all reactions. As shown from the results of the filter paper samples, we were able to see qualitative changes on Fe, Cu, and Co with the use of potassium ferrocyanide, Fe, Cu, and Co with the use of potassium thiocynate in acetone, and Fe, Co, and Ni with the use of dimethyl glyoxime in ethanol.Although the colors in each reaction were different with each of the reagents used on the filter paper samples, the use of each reagent would have provided us with a number of visual changes to identify. Those observations would have been marked, and prompted more calculations of the Rf values associated with each reaction, allowing for a more entire evaluation and determination of the unknown metal cations present.Although we were able to accurately detect the presence of Fe in unknown sample 2, it is evident that if the chromatogram had been exposed to the dimethyl glyoxime in ethanol, we would have detected the Ni as well. The exposure of the filter sample containing the Ni, to dimethyl glyoxime in ethanol, yielded the only visual reaction, out of all three reagents tested. This labs results further solidify the need to conduct the procedure as thoroughly as possible, and if there are tactile sensationings of inadequacy, we perform the procedures that we feel will enable us to procure the most accurate results.

Comparison of A Doll’s House and A Streetcar Named Desire Essay

Prompt 14 Important qualitys in conveys argon multi-dimensional. Discuss to what extent this statement is true of important characters in plays you have studied and comment on the techniques of characterization employed by the dramatist.Multidimensional characters can also be defined as high-powered or constantly changing and developing characters. These moral force characters are not simply important to a play, but are arguably the some important characters because what the dramatist intends to communicate to his or her audience is communicated finished and through the changing emotions and behaviors of these characters.Additionally, playwrights use a variety of techniques to highlight the changes an important character may go through. The converse, staging and stage directions, setting, music, lighting, and even window-dresss can all be used to highlight a multifaceted characters turned on(p) and physical changes. In A ladys House, by Henrik Ibsen, and A cable tramway N amed Desire, by Tennessee Williams, the playwrights primarily use costumes, which parallel the emotional and behavioral changes of important slashing characters, and contrast in talks to amplify developments and changes in the characters relationships and behavior.Ibsens choice of costume design portrays Nora as a dynamic character in A Dolls House. Ibsen changes Noras costume to parallel her behavioral and emotional changes in the play. The Neapolitan fisher-girl costume, for example, ranges Noras secrets and their restraint on her autonomy (Ibsen 29). Therefore, Noras want to tear the masque costume into a hundred thousand pieces represents her will to be rid of her lies and to take off of the mask she puts on for Helmer (Ibsen 28). The costume facilitates this need end-to-end the second act of play. When Nora practices the Tarantella dance, she dances wildly and her hair comes down and fall over her shoulders (Ibsen 47).Wild and take over hair has connotations of independen ce and liberation. Therefore, the costume begins to show the audience her will to free herself from the mask she puts on for Helmer. However, she remains in the dress at this point in the play centre that she is still restricted by the disguise she wears for Helmers satisfaction. Again, the dress highlights Noras development when it is removed in Act III before Nora gathers the courage to tell Helmer she must leave him to gain her independence. Noras masquerade costume dinner dress costume conveys how Noras lies and mask of happiness restrain her freedom and helps to illustrate her eventual secede from them. Therefore, the costume design amplifies the characteristics that make Nora a dynamic character.Williams also uses his costume designs to characterize his dynamic characters in A Streetcar Named Desire. However, rather than connecting a specific costume with a feeling, he associates a global type of costume with specific emotions and actions. For example, the lavish costuming of Blanche represents the extent of her desire for, and delusion of, an extravagant life. As the play opens and Blanche enters, her appearance is described as incongruous to the setting (Williams 15). She is introduced being dressed as if she believes she should be somewhere and some cardinal else. Furthermore, her beauty from the white suit with a fluffy bodice, necklace and earrings of pearl is described as indulgent and sensitive to light (Williams 15).This description of Blanche suggests that her rich and royal appearance is purely superficial and does not represent the reality of her life. This connection amid costume design and Blanches fabricated reality is continued throughout the play. Before beginning to flirt with the young paper boy in Scene Five, Blanche takes a large, see-through scarf from the trunk and drapes it about her shoulders, and then begins to pretend he is a young Prince and later makes Mitch deform to her (Williams 84).The playwright, Tennessee William s, connects Blanches affluent adornment with her delusions of wealth and importance that develop and grow stronger as the play progresses. In the terminal scene, Blanches illusions blend almost entirely with her reality as she asks Stella to gather a number of dilate accessories, including a cool yellow silk boucle and a silver and turquoise pin in the shape of a seahorse, and dresses herself in a dress and jacket of a color that Madonna once wore (Williams 132/135). Williams uses this costume to amplify the absurdity of Blanches illusion of spending her life on the sea with a millionaire. Therefore, Blanches costume choices in A Streetcar Named Desire connect to her developing insanity, which makes her a complex and dynamic character.In A Dolls House, Ibsen also utilizes tension in communication, specifically the tension amidst Noras inward and outbound building of feelings surrounding worth, to portray Nora as a dynamic character. The playwright first creates a contradiction in terms between her internal and external feelings, only to eventually change her unvarnished expression to match her true feelings. In the first two acts of the play, Noras outward expression of a womans worth revolves around being a good married woman and mother by aiming to please Helmer, her married man. However, her inward feelings portray the opposite. Nora inwardly believes that worth involves being true to herself. Nora is outwardly submissive to her economize by allowing herself to be called by possessive pet names, much(prenominal) as his little spendthrift, his squirrel, or his extravagant little person (Ibsen 2-3).Furthermore, even Nora uses these labels for herself during the first two acts. These names put Nora in a submissive position because they define Nora as a possession of Helmers. Therefore, when Nora labels herself a skylark or squirrel, she outwardly submits to the will of her husband, proving her external idea of worth revolves around his happiness. How ever, whenever Nora yields to Helmer, there are undertones of sarcasm within the dialogue portrayed both by the stage directions and the writing. When Nora first calls herself Helmers skylark and squirrel, she does so while dexterous quietly and happily, as if she aims to manipulate him with her words (Ibsen 4). This example of irony mixed with manipulation illustrates the contradiction between what Nora outwardly expresses and what she internally believes.Noras sarcasm is also present directly in her dialogue with Helmer. In the conclusion of the first act, Nora asks Helmer to take her in hand and decide how she should attend the masquerade ball (Ibsen 25). The sarcasm she speaks these lines with is evident when she utilizes hyperboles to appeal to Helmers ego, such as telling him no one has such good taste and that she cant get along a bit without his help (Ibsen 25). Therefore, Noras exaggerated submission to Helmer suggests a dichotomy between her internal ideas of worth and he r actions. Yet, as the play develops, Noras actions begin to match her interpretation of value. She begins to overtly become a subject of her life, rather than the subject of her husbands.In the final pages of Act III, Nora discards the view she externally portrayed in the first acts of A Dolls House by explicitly rejecting Helmers assertion that before all else, she is a wife and a mother (Ibsen 66). She explains to Helmer that she believes that before all else she is a reasonable human being who must commemorate over things for herself and get to understand them (Ibsen 66). This rejection of blind obedience and assertion of autonomy supports the claim that Noras outward expression developed over the course of the final act to match her opinion of worthiness. Because Noras expression of merit changed over the course of the play, she is considered a dynamic, or multifaceted character. Therefore, Ibsens use of dialogue in A Dolls House is instrumental in portraying Nora as an import ant and three-d character.Tennessee Williams also uses tension in dialogue within his play, A Streetcar Named Desire, to portray his significant characters as multidimensional. However, rather than creating tension by using contradiction to develop a single characters dialogue, Williams creates tension by contrasting the dialogue of Stanley and Blanche. This distinction between the two characters, and the way they communicate in the play, causes behavioral changes suggesting that dialogue is responsible for dynamic transformations in the characters actions. Blanches wrangle is educated and full of literary illusions. She uses a reference to the gothic poet Edgar Allen Poe to describe her sisters life and situation by barter her neighborhood the ghoul-haunted woodland of Weir (Williams 20).This complexity present in Blanches dialogue portrays her as a standard of the old, aristocratic South. In contrast with Blanches more sophisticated way of speaking, Stanley uses simple societa l ground metaphors and commonplace clichs in his dialogue. Rather than using a literary based metaphor for Blanche, Stanley uses one based on politics. Stanley describes her fame in Laurel as if she were the President of the United States, only she is not reckon by any party (Williams 99).Additionally, the clichs Stanley uses in his speech, such as no, siree, bob, boy, oh, boy, or the jig was all up portrays Stanley as the down-to-earth representation of the New South (Williams 100-101). The contrast between the dialogue of the two characters and the connection it has with the social group they identify with highlights their dynamic characteristics by emphasizing Blanches attempt and ultimate failure to integrate herself into the less aristocratic and educated New Orleans. Therefore, the playwrights effort to contrast the dialogues of Blanche and Stanley facilitates Blanches representation as a multifaceted and changing character in A Streetcar Named Desire.Analyzing how a playwri ght portrays his or her dynamic characters gives insight into what the playwright intends to say through their development. For example, Henrik Ibsen uses a single costume to connect the audience with Noras progression into an autonomous woman in order to focus the audiences attention on a single facet of Noras life and desires, while Williams uses many costumes with varying degrees of lavishness, to highlight the degree to which Blanche blends reality with fantasy.Furthermore, Ibsen uses tension in dialogue of a single character to keep the audiences focus on Nora, while Williams contrasts the speech of two characters to highlight the contrast between two different social worlds, the new and old South. Therefore, the most important characters in a play are always multidimensional characters because most of a playwrights commentary is included in the development of these characters and analyzing the techniques a playwright employs to distinguish a dynamic character helps to convey m eaning.BibliographyIbsen, Henrik. A Dolls House. Print.Williams, Tennessee. A Streetcar Named Desire. New York Signet, 1975. Print.